List of wars: 1900–1944

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Graph of global conflict deaths from 1900 to 1944 from various sources.

This is a list of wars that began between 1900 and 1944. Other wars can be found in the historical lists of wars and the list of wars extended by diplomatic irregularity. Major global conflicts of this period are World War I and World War II, while major continental conflicts include the Chinese Civil War in Asia, the Banana Wars in North America, the Italo-Turkish War in Africa, the Spanish Civil War in Europe, and the Chaco War in South America.

1900–1909[]

1900–1909
Start Finish Name of Conflict Belligerents
Victorious party (if applicable) Defeated party (if applicable)
1900 1905 1900–1905 phase of the Mat Salleh Rebellion  British Empire
  • North Borneo
Rebels
1900 1920 Somaliland Campaign  British Empire
 Ethiopian Empire
 Italian Empire
Dervish State
1900 1900 War of the Golden Stool  British Empire  Ashanti Empire
1900 1905 [1]  British Empire
  • Anglo-Egyptian Sudan
Sultan Yam-bio's rebel forces
1900 1902 [2]  British Empire
  •  State of Makran
Forces loyal to Muhammad Umar Khan
1900 1900 [3]  German Empire
  • German South West Africa
Bastaards from Grootfontein tribe
1900 1900 [4]  Ottoman Empire Hamawand rebels

Supported by:

Sheikhs of Sulaymaniyah and Qaradāgh

1900 1900 [5]  British Empire
  • Anglo-Egyptian Sudan
Sudanese rebels
1900 1900 French conquest of Borno[5]  France Borno
1900 1907 [6]  Dutch Empire Peasant rebels

Lone-wolf robbers and arsonists

1900 1903 [7]  France Rebels
1900 1900 Shoubak revolt of 1900  Ottoman Empire Shoubakis
1900 1900 Sharjah conquest of Ras Al Khaimah Emirate of Sharjah Ras Al Khaimah
1900 1900 Russian invasion of Manchuria  Russian Empire  Qing dynasty

Yìhéquán

1900 1900 Huizhou Uprising  Qing dynasty Revolutionary army
1900 1901 Mahsud Waziri blockade  British Empire
  •  British Raj
Mahsud rebels
1900 1901 Kuwaiti–Rashidi war Jabal Shammar Flag of the Ottoman Empire.svg Kuwait
  • House of Saud

Arab tribes

1901 1901 [1]  British Empire
  • Anglo-Egyptian Sudan
Agar Dinka rebels
1901 1901 [8]  German Empire
  • German South West Africa
Bastaards from Grootfontein tribe
1901 1907 [6]  Dutch Empire Jambi
1901 1901 [9]  France Dendi Kingdom
1901 1903  [es] Venezuela Venezuela Liberal revolutionaries
1901 1902 Anglo-Aro War  British Empire Aro Confederacy
1901 1901 Battle of Holy Apostles Monastery Armenian fedayi  Ottoman Empire
1901 1903 1901 Mapondera Rebellion  British Empire Forces loyal to Kadungure Mapondera
1901 1936 Holy Man's Rebellion  French Indochina
Thailand Siam
Phu Mi Bun Movement
1902 1902 [10]  Russian Empire Rebel railway workers
1902 1902 [5]  British Empire
  • Anglo-Egyptian Sudan
Sudanese rebels
1902 1902 [6]  Dutch Empire Marind rebels
1902 1904 [11] Portuguese Empire Kuanhama
1902 1904 Bailundo Revolt of 1902 Portuguese Empire Ovimbundu Kingdoms
Kisanji
Luimbi
1902 1903 Venezuelan crisis of 1902–03  German Empire
 United Kingdom
 Kingdom of Italy
Venezuela
1902 1902 Kabul Khel expedition[12]  British Empire
  •  British Raj
Kabul Khel rebels
1902 1903 [6] (Location: Kalimantan)  Dutch Empire Bantin
1902 1906 [6] (Location: Sumatra)  Dutch Empire Korintji
1902 1907 [6] (Location: Kalimantan)  Dutch Empire Dayak
1902 1902 Italian–Ottoman crisis of 1902[13]  Kingdom of Italy  Ottoman Empire
1903 1903 Great Ming Uprising  Qing dynasty Heavenly Kingdom of the Great Mingshun
1903 1903 [1]  British Empire
  • Anglo-Egyptian Sudan
Muhammad al-Amin's rebel forces
1903 1903 [14]  Russian Empire Anti-tax rebels
1903 1910 [1]  British Empire
  • Anglo-Egyptian Sudan
Atwot Dinka rebels
1903 1905 [15]  Ottoman Empire Rijal al-Ma
1903 1903 [8]  German Empire
  • German South West Africa
Kavango rebels
1903 1903 [6]  Dutch Empire Tribes of Yapen
1903 1909 [6]  Dutch Empire Anti-coffee rebels
1903 1910 [6]  Dutch Empire Anti-Dutch forces
1903 1916

(Solor)

1940

(Flores)

[6]  Dutch Empire Anti-Dutch forces
1903 1903 Kerinci Expedition  Dutch Empire Anti-Dutch forces
1903 1903 [16][17] Flag of the Ottoman Empire.svg Kuwait

Emirate of Nejd and Hasa

Arab tribes

Jabal Shammar
1905 1905 Theriso revolt  Ottoman Empire
  •  Cretan State

Supported By:
 Russian Empire

Kingdom of Greece Cretan rebels
1903 1903 May Coup (Serbia)  Kingdom of Serbia House of Obrenović
1903 1903 Ilinden–Preobrazhenie Uprising  Ottoman Empire IMARO
SMAC
Kruševo Republic
Strandzha Republic
1903 1904 British expedition to Tibet  British Empire  Qing Dynasty
  • Tibet
1903 1904 [18]  British Empire Sokoto Caliphate
1903 1903 British conquest of the Kano Emirate  British Empire Kano Emirate
1903 1907 Saudi–Rashidi War

Part of the Unification of Saudi Arabia

Flag of the Second Saudi State.svg Emirate of Nejd and Hasa Flag of the Emirate of Ha'il.svg Emirate of Ha'il
 Ottoman Empire
1903 1903 [8]  German Empire
  • German South West Africa
Nama rebels
1903 1904 [8]  German Empire
  • German South West Africa
Bondelswarts
1904 1904 [1]  British Empire
  • Anglo-Egyptian Sudan
Adam Wad Muhammad's rebel forces
1904 1904 [19]  British Empire
  •  British Raj
Mahsud rebels
1904 1904 [8]  German Empire
  • German South West Africa
Ondonga rebels
1904 1909 [8]  German Empire
  • German South West Africa
Nama rebels
1904 1904 [5]  British Empire
  • Anglo-Egyptian Sudan
Sudanese rebels
1904 1904 [6]Part of the Aceh War  Dutch Empire Anti-Dutch forces
1904 1904 [6]  Dutch Empire Anti-Dutch forces
1904 1904 [6]  Dutch Empire Tidore
1904 1909 [6]  Dutch Empire Anti-Dutch forces
1904 1905 1904–1905 uprising in Madagascar  France
  • Malagasy Catholics
Rebels
  • Malagasy Protestants
1904 1907

(See Battle of Mufilo)

Flag Portugal (1830).svg Portuguese Empire Ovamboland flag.svg Ovambo
1904 1904 Vaccine Revolt  First Brazilian Republic Anti-vaccination rebels
1904 1904 Revolution of 1904 Uruguay Uruguayan government National Party
1904 1904 1904 Sasun uprising  Ottoman Empire Armenian fedayees
1904 1908 Herero Wars  German Empire Herero and Namaqua peoples
1904 1905 Russo-Japanese War  Empire of Japan  Russian Empire
1904 1905 Yemeni Rebellion of 1904

Part of the Yemeni–Ottoman Conflicts

Zaidis  Ottoman Empire
1904 1908 Macedonian Struggle Hellenic Macedonian Committee Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization
1905 1905 Ping-liu-li Uprising  Qing dynasty Rebels
1905 1906 [6]  Dutch Empire Anti-Dutch forces
1905 1905 [20]  Ottoman Empire Sublime State of Persia
1905 1911 [6]  Dutch Empire Anti-Dutch forces
1905 1911 Persian Constitutional Revolution

The Revolution:
June 1905–August 1906

Semi-organized groups:

  • Ulama and seminary students[22]
  • Committee of Merchants[23]
  • Committee of Guild Elders[24]
  • Students of , School of Political Science and [24]

Struggle and Civil War:
August 1906–July 1909


1905 1905 Argentine Revolution of 1905  Argentina Radical Civic Union
1905 1905 Shoubak Revolt of 1905  Ottoman Empire Shoubakis
1905 1905 Łódź insurrection (1905)  Russian Empire Polish worker militias
1905 1905 [30]  Ottoman Empire Kurdish rebels
1905 1906 1905 Tibetan Rebellion Qing dynasty Qing Dynasty Tibetan Buddhists
1905 1907 1905 Russian Revolution  Russian Empire Revolutionaries
1905 1907 Maji Maji Rebellion  German Empire Indigenous rebels
1905 1906 Yemeni Expedition of 1905

Part of the Yemeni–Ottoman Conflicts

Zaidis  Ottoman Empire
1905 1905 South Sulawesi expedition  The Netherlands South Sulawesi kingdoms of Bone, Luwu and Wajo
1906 1906 Taba Crisis of 1906  British Empire  Ottoman Empire
1906 1907 [6]  Dutch Empire Messianic rebels
1906 1908 [6] (Location: Sumatra)  Dutch Empire Jambi
1906 1906 Ottoman invasion of Persia (1906)  Ottoman Empire Sublime State of Persia
1906 1906 [31]  British Empire Rebels
1906 1906 1906 Mesopotamia uprising  Ottoman Empire Mesopotamian tribesmen
1906 1906 Dutch intervention in Bali (1906)  The Netherlands Badung
Tabanan
Klungkung
1906 1906 Bambatha Rebellion  British Empire Zulu
1907 1907 [32]  France Onilahy (Mahafaly) kingdom
1907 1918 [33] Idrisid Emirate of Asir

Supported by:

 Kingdom of Italy (1911-1912)

 British Empire (1915-1918)

 Ottoman Empire
1907 1907 [34]

Part of the  [tr]

 Ottoman Empire Kurdish rebels
1907 1907 Huanggang Uprising Qing dynasty Qing Dynasty Rebels
1907 1907 Huizhou Qinühu Uprising Qing dynasty Qing Dynasty Rebels
1907 1907 Anqing Uprising Qing dynasty Qing Dynasty Rebels
1907 1907 Qinzhou Uprising Qing dynasty Qing Dynasty Rebels
1907 1907 Zhennanguan Uprising Qing dynasty Qing Dynasty Rebels
1907 1907 Bitlis uprising (1907)  Ottoman Empire Kurdish rebels
1907 1910 [31]
More info: Revoltas e Campanhas nos Dembos (1872-1919)

(In Portuguese)

Portuguese Empire[11] Dembos[11]
1907 1907 [11]  France Forces loyal to Sheika Ma Al-Ainine (Ma al-'Aynayn ?)
1907 1907 [35] Flag of the Second Saudi State.svg Emirate of Nejd and Hasa Mutair tribe
1907 1907 1907 Romanian Peasants' Revolt  Kingdom of Romania Romanian peasants
1907 1907 Honduran-Nicaraguan War  Nicaragua Honduras
1907 1907 Beipu uprising  Empire of Japan Hakka

Saisiyat

1907 1907 [36]  Ottoman Empire Rebels of Diyarbakır
1907 1908 Zakka Khel raids on towns and villages in the British Raj United Kingdom British Raj Zakka Khel clan of the Afridi
1908 1908 Qin-lian Uprising Qing dynasty Qing Dynasty Rebels
1908 1908 Hekou Uprising Qing dynasty Qing Dynasty Rebels
1908 1908 Mapaoying Uprising Qing dynasty Qing Dynasty Rebels
1908 1909 [8]  German Empire
  • German South West Africa
Bondelswarts
1908 1908 Wad Hubaba Revolt  British Empire Neo-Madhist rebels
1908 1909 [5]  France Lobi and Dyula rebels
1908 1914 [5]  France Mossi rebels
1908 1908 [37]  France
  • French Indochina
Peasant rebels
1908 1908 Mohmand Expedition of 1908[38]

Part of the instability on the North-West Frontier

United Kingdom British Raj Mohmand rebels
1908 1908 Bazar Valley campaign United Kingdom British Raj Zakka Khel clan of the Afridi
1908 1908 [34]

Part of the  [tr]

 Ottoman Empire Kurdish rebels
1908 1908 [39] Flag of the Second Saudi State.svg Emirate of Nejd and Hasa Forces loyal to Muhammad Aba al-Kehil
1908 1908 Battle of Marrakech Forces of Mulay Hafid Forces of the Sultan of Morocco
1908 1909  [de]  German Empire Indigenous rebels
1908 1908 Young Turk Revolution Young Turks  Ottoman Empire
1908 1910/1914 Hamawand rebellion

Ottoman Empire Young Turks (Until 24 July 1908)


Ottoman Empire Ottoman Empire (From 24 July 1908)

Kurdish rebels
  • Hamawand tribe

Ottoman Empire Ottoman Empire (Abdul Hamid II loyalists)
(Until 24 July 1908)

1908 1908 Dutch intervention in Bali (1908)  Dutch Empire Karangasem
Klungkung
Gelgel
1908 1910 [6]  Dutch Empire Anti-Dutch forces
1908 1915 [6]  Dutch Empire Anti-Dutch forces
1908 1908 Dutch–Venezuelan crisis of 1908  Dutch Empire Venezuela
1909 1909 [5]  British Empire
  • Nyasaland
Rebels
1909 1909 [6]  Dutch Empire Anti-Dutch forces
1909 1911 [6]  Dutch Empire Anti-Dutch forces
1909 1909 [34]

Part of the  [tr]

 Ottoman Empire Kurdish rebels
1909 1909 Estrada's rebellion Nicaraguan Conservative Party Nicaraguan Liberal Party (Government)
1909 1909 Kolašin Affair (1909)  Kingdom of Montenegro Black Hand
1909 1910 Zaraniq rebellion  Ottoman Empire tribesmen
1909 1909 Crazy Snake Rebellion  United States Creek
1909 1910 Second Melillan campaign  Spain Riffian people
1909 1910 Hauran Druze Rebellion  Ottoman Empire Druze rebels
1909 1911 Ouaddai War  France Ouaddai Empire

1910-1919[]

1910-1919
Start Finish Name of Conflict Belligerents
Victorious party (if applicable) Defeated party (if applicable)
1910 1910 Gengxu New Army Uprising  Qing Dynasty Rebels
1910 1910 [40]  Russian Empire Rebels
1910 1910 [41]  Portugal Angoche Sultanate
1910 1910 [8]  German Empire
  • German South West Africa
Nguni rebels
1910 1912 [42]  France
  •  French Indochina
Rebels loyal to Xiong Mi Chang
1910 1910 [6]  Dutch Empire Anti-Dutch forces
1910 1911 [6] (Location: Sumatra)  Dutch Empire Anti-Dutch forces
1910 1912 [43]  Portugal
  • Angola
Kasanje Kingdom
1910 1910 Monégasque Revolution Rebels  Monaco
1910 1910  [ar] Flag of the Ottoman Empire.svg Kuwait

Emirate of Nejd and Hasa

Al-Muntafiq
1910 1910 Karak Revolt  Ottoman Empire Karakis
1910 1910 Bastar rebellion  British Empire Tribal rebels
1910 1910 Albanian Revolt of 1910  Ottoman Empire Albanian rebels
1910 1910 5 October 1910 revolution Portugal Portuguese Republican Party  Kingdom of Portugal
1910 1910 Chinese expedition to Tibet (1910)  Qing Dynasty Tibet
1910 1911 Sokehs Rebellion  German Empire Sokehs rebels
1910 1920 Mexican Revolution Maderistas
Orozquistas
Villistas
Zapatistas
Carrancistas
Magonistas
Seditionistas
 Mexico
1910 1919 Border War (1910–19)
Part of the Mexican Revolution
Constitutionalistas
 United States
MexicoMaderistas
MexicoVillistas
Mexico Seditionistas
Mexico Carrancistas
1910 1910 [30]  Ottoman Empire Kurdish rebels
1911 1911 [30]  Ottoman Empire Kurdish rebels
1911 1911 [5]  British Empire Forces loyal to Siume (a priestess) and Kiamba (a young man)
1911 1911 [6]  Dutch Empire Miner rebels
1911 1911 [34]

Part of the  [tr]

 Ottoman Empire Kurdish rebels
1911 1913 Revolt of Salar-al-Daulah Sublime State of Persia Forces of Salar-al-Daulah
1911 1911 [44] Sublime State of Persia Forces of Mohammad Ali Shah Qajar
1911 1911 Magonista rebellion of 1911
Part of the Mexican Revolution
 Mexico Mexican Liberal Party
1911 1912 1911 Paraguayan Civil War Liberal Party Paraguay Paraguayan government
1911 1911 Russian Invasion of Tabriz
Part of the Persian Constitutional Revolution
 Russian Empire Persian Constitutionalists
1911 1911 Albanian Revolt of 1911  Ottoman Empire Coa Kastrioti Family.svg Albanian Malësorë (highlanders) and Catholic tribes from Scutari Vilayet
1911 1911 Second Guangzhou Uprising  Qing Dynasty Anti-Qing rebels
1911 1912 Dominican Civil War (1911–12)  Dominican Republic Dominican Army conspirators
1911 1912 French conquest of Morocco  France Morocco
1911 1912 Italo-Turkish War  Kingdom of Italy  Ottoman Empire
1911 1912 East Timorese Rebellion Portuguese Empire East Timorese rebels
1911 1912 Xinhai Revolution
1911 Revolution
Tongmenghui  Qing Dynasty
1911 1912 War of the Generals Liberal rebels  Ecuador (Eloy Alfaro loyalists)
1912 1912 [1]  British Empire
  • Anglo-Egyptian Sudan
Faki Najm al-Din's forces
1912 1912 Turkoman Revolt of 1912–1913  Russian Empire
  • Khiva
Yomud Turkomans
1912 1914 Ecuadorian Civil War of 1912–1914  Ecuador Rebels of Esmeraldas Province
c.1912 c.1912 [45]  Kingdom of Italy Rebels loyal to Ramadan Asswehly
1912 1912 Khost rebellion (1912)  Emirate of Afghanistan Rebel tribes
1912 1913 First Balkan War  Kingdom of Bulgaria
 Kingdom of Greece
 Kingdom of Serbia
 Kingdom of Montenegro
 Ottoman Empire
1912 1912 Albanian Revolt of 1912 Albanian rebels  Ottoman Empire
1912 1916 Contestado War Brazil Brazilian Governists Contestado
1912 1933 United States occupation of Nicaragua
Part of the Banana Wars
 United States Nicaraguan rebels
1912 1912 Royalist attack on Chaves Portugal Portuguese First Republic PortugalPortuguese Royalists
1912 1912 Negro Rebellion
Part of the Banana Wars
 Cuba
 United States
Independent Party of Color
1913 1913 [40]  Russian Empire Rebels
1913 1913 [5]  British Empire Oyango Dande
1913 1913 [46]  Ottoman Empire Kurdish rebels
1913 1913 1913 Euphrates rebellion  Ottoman Empire Al-Fatlah tribe
1913 1920 Muscat rebellion[47]  British Empire
  • Muscat and Oman
Imamate of Oman
1913 1915  [fi] Republic of China (1912–1949)Republic of China Bogd Khanate of Mongolia
1913 1913 Urtatagai conflict (1913)  Russian Empire  Emirate of Afghanistan
1913 1913  [ru]  Russian Empire Peasants
1913 1913 Conquest of al-Hasa

Part of the Unification of Saudi Arabia

Flag of the Second Saudi State.svg Emirate of Nejd and Hasa  Ottoman Empire
1913 1913 Second Balkan War  Ottoman Empire
 Kingdom of Greece
 Kingdom of Serbia
 Kingdom of Montenegro
 Kingdom of Romania
 Kingdom of Bulgaria
1913 1913 Tikveš Uprising
Part of the Second Balkan War
 Kingdom of Serbia Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization
1913 1913 Ohrid–Debar Uprising  Kingdom of Serbia Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization
1913 1913 Second Revolution Republic of China (1912–1949) Beiyang Government Sun Yat-sen
Republic of China (1912–1949) southern China provinces
1913 1914 Bai Lang Rebellion Republic of China (1912–1949)Republic of China
Jahriyya menhuan
Xidaotang
Republic of China (1912–1949) Gelaohui
1914 1914 [5]  British Empire Giriama rebels
1914 1914 [6]  Dutch Empire Peasant rebels
1914 1914 [48]
More info: The Mbunda Kingdom in Angola
(Section "Kolongongo war")
 Portugal
  • Angola
Mbunda Kingdom
1914 1914 [49]  Ottoman Empire
  • Autonomous Yemeni Imamate
Idrisid Emirate of Asir
1914 1914 Dersim uprising of 1914[34]
Part of the  [tr]
 Ottoman Empire Kurdish rebels
1914 1914 Bitlis uprising  Ottoman Empire Kurdish rebels

Supported by:

 Russian Empire[50]

1914 1914 [50]  Ottoman Empire Kurdish rebels loyal to Abdülselam Barzani[50]

Supported by:
 Russian Empire[50]

1914 1917 [51][52]  Portugal
  • Angola (1914)
  • Congo (1914-1917)[53]
Kingdom of Kongo (1914)[51]

Various rebel groups (1914–1917)[53]

1914 1914 Operations in the Tochi

Part of the instability on the North-West Frontier

 British Empire Rebel tribesmen from Khost
1914 1914  [pt]  First Brazilian Republic Rebels
1914 1921 Zaian War  France Zaian Confederation
1914 1914 Dominican Civil War of 1914 Rebels  Dominican Republic
1914 1914 [54]
1914 1914 [55]  British Empire
  • North Borneo
Murut rebels
1914 1914 Peasant Revolt in Albania Albania Albania

Romania Romanian volunteers

Austria-Hungary Austro-Hungarian volunteers

Kosovar Albanian units

Ottoman Empire Albanian Muslim pro-Ottoman rebels
1914 1914 Truku War  Empire of Japan Truku Tribe
1914 1918 World War I Allied Powers:
  •  British Empire
  •  France
  •  Russia (1914–17)
  •  Serbia
  •  Belgium
  •  Montenegro
  •  Japan
  •  Italy (1915–18)
  •  United States (1917–18)
  •  Romania (1916–18)
  •  Portugal (1916–18)
  • Hejaz (1916–18)
  • China (1917–18)
  •  Greece (1917–18)
  • Siam (1917–18)
  • ...and others
Central Powers:
  •  German Empire
  •  Austria-Hungary
  •  Ottoman Empire
  •  Bulgaria (1915–18)
  • ...and co-belligerents
1914 1914 United States occupation of Veracruz
Part of the Banana Wars
 United States  Mexico
1914 1915 Bluff War  United States Ute
Paiute
1914 1917 Ovambo Uprising  Portugal
  • Portugal Portuguese Angola

 United Kingdom

  •  South Africa (from 1915)
Ovamboland flag.svg Ovambo
1914 1915 Maritz Rebellion Union of South Africa South African Republic "Bitterenders"
1915 1915 [8]  German Empire
  • German South West Africa
Rehoboth Basters
1915 1915 [7]  France
    • Colony of Madagascar and Dependencies
Rebels
1915 1917 [56]  France
  • Colony of Madagascar and Dependencies
1915 1915 [7]  France
  • Colony of Madagascar and Dependencies
Rebels
1915 1915 [57]  Liberia Kru rebels
1915 1915 Botan revolt[46]  Ottoman Empire Kurdish rebels
1915 1915 Tapani incident  Empire of Japan Han Taiwanese

Taiwanese aborigines

1915 1915 Turkoman Revolt of 1915[58]  Russian Empire
  • Khiva
Yomud Turkomans
1915 1915  [ar] Nejd and Hasa Ajman tribe
1915 1915 Battle of Jarrab

Part of the Unification of Saudi Arabia and World War I

Flag of the Emirate of Ha'il.svg Emirate of Ha'il Flag of the Second Saudi State.svg Emirate of Nejd and Hasa
1915 1915 Chilembwe uprising  British Empire Nyasaland rebels
1915 1915 Bussa rebellion  British Empire Bussa warriors
1915 1915 1915 Singapore Mutiny  British Empire 5th Native Light Infantry sepoys
1915 1915 Kelantan rebellion  British Empire Tok Janggut's rebel forces
1915 1915 Rundum revolt  British Empire Antanum's rebel forces
1915 1916 Volta-Bani War  France Tribal insurgents
1915 1916 National Protection War
Anti-Monarchy War
 Republic of China Empire of China
1915 1917 Senussi Campaign
Part of World War I
 British Empire
 Kingdom of Italy
Senussi
 Ottoman Empire
Darfur Emirate
1915 1934 United States occupation of Haiti
Part of the Banana Wars
 United States  Haiti
1916 1916 [59]  Dutch Empire Rebels
1915 1915 Operations against the Mohmands, Bunerwals and Swatis in 1915

Part of the instability on the North-West Frontier

 British Empire Rebel tribes
1915 1916  British Empire Kalat tribesmen
1916 1934 Yarahmadzai uprising  British Empire
Sublime State of Persia
Yarahmadzai tribe
1916 1916 Dersim uprising of 1916

Part of the  [tr]

 Ottoman Empire Kurdish rebels
1916 1916 1916 Kumyk uprising  Russian Empire Kumyk rebels
1916 1917 Mohmand blockade

Part of the instability on the North-West Frontier

 British Empire Mohmands
1916 1918

(See Sugar Intervention)

Cuba Mario García Menocal loyalists
 United States
Cuba Pro-José Miguel Gómez rebels
1916 1917 Kaocen Revolt  France Tuareg guerrillas
1916 1916 1916 Cochinchina uprising  France Cochinchina rebels
1916 1916 Battle of Segale Regents of Ethiopia Lij Iyasu loyalists
1916 1916 Noemvriana Kingdom of Greece Kingdom of Greece  United Kingdom
 France
1916 1916 Central Asian revolt of 1916  Russian Empire Rebels
1916 1916 Easter Rising United Kingdom British Army
Dublin Metropolitan Police
Royal Irish Constabulary
Republic of Ireland Irish Republican Brotherhood
Irish Volunteers
Irish Citizen Army
Cumann na mBan
Hibernian Rifles
Fianna Éireann
1916 1924 United States occupation of the Dominican Republic (1916–24)
Part of the Banana Wars
 United States Dominican rebels
1916 1918 Arab Revolt
Part of World War I
Arab Revolt Hashemite Arabs
United Kingdom United Kingdom

Saudi Arabia Sultanate of Nejd (Unification of Saudi Arabia)
 Ottoman Empire
1916 1934 Basmachi movement
Part of World War I and Russian Civil War
 Russian Empire
(1916–17)
Russia Russian Republic
(1917)

 Russian SFSR

Khorezm SSR
Bukharan PSR


 Soviet Union
(From December 30, 1922)

Basmachi

Khiva
(1918–20)
Russia White Army
(1919–20)[60]
Bukhara
(1920)
Supported by:
 Emirate of Afghanistan (Until mid-1922)[61]


Afghanistan
(1929)[62]

1917 1917 [8]  British Empire
  •  South Africa
Uukwanyama rebels
1917 1917 [5]  British Empire Forces loyal to Rembe
1917 1917 Kurdish uprisings of 1917  Ottoman Empire Kurdish rebels

Supported by:
 Russian Empire

1917 1917 February Revolution Russia Russian revolutionaries  Russian Empire
1917 1917 July Days Russia Russian Provisional Government Hammer and sickle.svg Bolshevik Party
1917 1917 Operations against the Mahsuds (1917)  British Empire Mahsud rebels
1917 1917 Manchu Restoration  Republic of China Monarchist rebels
1917 1917 Thái Nguyên uprising France French colonial empire Vietnamese rebels
1917 1917 Polubotkivtsi Uprising Russia Russian Provisional Government Ukrainian separatists
1917 1917 Toplica insurrection  Kingdom of Bulgaria Chetniks
1917 1918  [fr] France French colonial empire
  • New Caledonia
Kanak rebels
1917 1917 Kornilov Affair Russia Russian Provisional Government Soldiers under Lavr Kornilov
1917 1917 Green Corn Rebellion  United States Anti-draft rebels
1917 1917 October Revolution
Part of Russian Civil War
Bolsheviks Russia Russian Provisional Government
1917 1917 Kerensky–Krasnov uprising
Part of Russian Civil War
 Russian SFSR Russia Rebels under Alexander Kerensky
1917 1922 Russian Civil War Victorious in Russia, Ukraine, Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, and Mongolia:

 Russian SFSR
Other Soviet republics
Mongolian People's Party


Victorious in their respective countries:
Kingdom of Finland
Estonia Republic of Estonia
Latvia Republic of Latvia
Lithuania Republic of Lithuania
Poland Second Polish Republic

Russian Empire White Movement

Central Powers (until 1918):
 Austro-Hungarian Empire
 German Empire
 Ottoman Empire
Allied Forces (from 1918):
Czechoslovakia Czechoslovakia
Republic of China (1912–1949) Republic of China
France France
 Kingdom of Greece
 Kingdom of Italy
 Empire of Japan
Poland Poland
 Kingdom of Romania
 Kingdom of Serbia
 United Kingdom

  •  Australia
  •  Canada

 United States
Other combatants:
Revolutionary Insurrectionary Army of Ukraine
Ukrainian People's Republic
Democratic Republic of Georgia
Democratic Republic of Armenia
Various pro-independence movements

1917 1922 Constitutional Protection Movement Republic of China (1912–1949) Beiyang Government Republic of China (1912–1949) Guangzhou Military Government
1917 1921 Ukrainian War of Independence
Part of World War I and Russian Civil War
Ukrainian SSR
 Russian SFSR
Ukrainian People's Republic

West Ukrainian People's Republic
White Movement

1917 1949 Ngolok rebellions (1917–49) Taiwan Republic of China Ngolok tribesmen
1918 1918 Operations against the Marri and Khetran tribes (1918)[63]
Part of the instability on the North-West Frontier
 British Empire Marri and Khetran tribesmen
1918 1918 Adubi War  British Empire Egba rebels
1918 1922 Simko Shikak revolt (1918–22) Iran
  • Qajars (1919–1921)
  • Pahlavis (1921–1922)
Rebels
  • Irregular Kurdish militias
  • Ottoman soldiers and mercenaries
1918 1918 Judenburg mutiny
Part of World War I
 Austria-Hungary 17th Infantry Regiment
1918 1918 Cattaro Mutiny
Part of World War I
 Austria-Hungary Elements of the Austro-Hungarian Navy
1918 1918 Aster Revolution
Part of World War I
Hungarian National Council  Austria-Hungary
1918 1918 Radomir Rebellion
Part of World War I
 Kingdom of Bulgaria Bulgarian Agrarian National Union
1918 1918 Left SR uprising
Part of the Russian Civil War
 Russian SFSR Left Socialist Revolutionary Party
1918 1918 Finnish Civil War Finnish White Guards
 German Empire
Finnish Red Guards
 Russian SFSR
1918 1918 Georgian–Armenian War First Republic of Armenia Democratic Republic of Georgia
1918 1958 Polish–Czechoslovak border conflicts Second Polish Republic First Czechoslovak Republic (until 1938)
Second Czechoslovak Republic (1938-1939)
First Slovak Republic (1939-1945)
Third Czechoslovak Republic (1945-1948)
Czechoslovak Socialist Republic (1948-1958)
1918 1918 Internal conflict in the Banat Republic Banat Republic
  • ""
  • Green Cadres
  • Socialist rebels
  • Romanian rebels
1918 1918 Serbian incursion into the Banat Republic  Kingdom of Serbia Banat Republic
1918 1918 Viena expedition Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic Russian SFSR
Red flag.svg Finnish Red Guards
 United Kingdom
Flag of Finland 1918 (state).svg Finnish White Guards
Flag of Finland 1918 (state).svg Finnish Jäger troops
1918 1918 First Pechenga expedition Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic Russian SFSR
Red flag.svg Finnish Red Guards
Murmansk Legion
Flag of Finland 1918 (state).svg Finnish volunteers
1918 1919 Austro-Slovene conflict in Carinthia  State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs
 Kingdom of Yugoslavia
Austria Republic of German-Austria
1918 1919 German Revolution of 1918–19  Weimar Republic
  • Reichswehr
  • Social Democratic Party of Germany
Royalist Forces:

German Empire (1918)


Communist Forces:
Bavarian Soviet Republic
Spartacus League
German Communist movements

1918 1919 Greater Poland Uprising (1918–19) Poland Poland  German Empire
1918 1919 Hungarian–Czechoslovak War  First Hungarian Republic
Hungarian Soviet Republic
Czechoslovakia First Czechoslovak Republic
1918 1919 Polish–Ukrainian War
Part of the Ukrainian War of Independence
Poland Poland Ukraine West Ukrainian People's Republic
1918 1920 Georgian–Ossetian conflict (1918–20)
Part of the Russian Civil War
Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic

Democratic Republic of Georgia

Pro-Bolshevik Ossetian rebels
1918 1919 Sochi conflict
Part of the Russian Civil War
Russia White movement
Flag RSFSR 1918.svg  Kuban-Black Sea Soviet Republic
Democratic Republic of Georgia
1918 1920 Armenian–Azerbaijani War
Part of the Russian Civil War
 First Republic of Armenia

Republic of Artsakh Republic of Mountainous Armenia
Republic of Artsakh Nagorno-Karabakh rebels
 British Empire (1918 only)
Centrocaspian Dictatorship (1918 only)

 Azerbaijan Democratic Republic

 Ottoman Empire (1918 only)
 Russian SFSR (from April 1920)
Turkish National Movement (from April 1920)

1918 1920 Estonian War of Independence
Part of the Russian Civil War
 Estonia

Russia White Russia
 Latvia
 United Kingdom
Ingria
German Empire Ober Ost
Finnish, Swedish and Danish volunteers

 Russian SFSR

Commune of Estonia
 Latvian SSR

1918 1920 Latvian War of Independence
Part of the Russian Civil War
 Latvia

 Estonia
Poland Poland
 United Kingdom
France France

 Russian SFSR

 Latvian SSR

1918 1919 Lithuanian–Soviet War
Part of the Lithuanian Wars of Independence
Lithuania Lithuania
 Saxon volunteers
Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic
Lithuanian-Belorussian Soviet Socialist Republic
1918 1919 Al-Khurma dispute
Part of the Unification of Saudi Arabia
Emirate of Riyadh Kingdom of Hejaz
1918 1921 War of the Insane  French Indochina Hmong rebels
1918 1920 Revolt of the Ingrian Finns Flag RSFSR 1918.svg Russian SFSR Ingrian people.svg North Ingria
Flag of Finland 1918 (state).svg Finnish volunteers
1918 1921 Franco-Turkish War
Part of the Turkish War of Independence
Turkish National Movement French Third Republic France
French Armenian Legion
1919 1923 [49] Idrisid Emirate of Asir

Supported by:

 British Empire

 Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen
1919 1919 [6]  Dutch Empire Anti-Dutch forces
1919 1919 [6]  Dutch Empire Anti-Dutch forces
1919 1919 [64] (See: Amritsar Massacre)

Part of the instability on the North-West Frontier

 British Empire Rebels
1919 1919 Black Sea mutiny France France Mutineers
1919 1919 1919 Royalist uprising in Northern Portugal  First Portuguese Republic Kingdom of Portugal Monarchy of the North
1919 1919 Christmas Uprising Kingdom of Yugoslavia Montenegrin Whites
Kingdom of Yugoslavia Kingdom of Yugoslavia
Kingdom of Montenegro Montenegrin Greens
 Kingdom of Italy
1919 1919 Spartacist uprising
Part of the German Revolution of 1918–19
Germany Interim government
  • Freikorps
Communist Party of Germany
  • Spartacus League

Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany

1919 1919 Lithuanian War of Independence (War against the Bermontians)
Part of the Lithuanian Wars of Independence
Lithuania Lithuania Russia West Russian Volunteer Army
1919 1919 Sejny Uprising Poland Polish Military Organization (PMO)
Poland 41st Infantry Regiment
Lithuania Lithuanian Sejny Command
Lithuania 1st Reserve Battalion
1919 1919 First Barzanji Revolt  British Empire Kurdish Tribesmen
1919 1919 Polish–Czechoslovak War
Part of the Polish–Czechoslovak border conflicts
Czechoslovakia Czechoslovakia Poland Second Polish Republic
1919 1919 Khotyn Uprising  Romania Ukrainian rebels
1919 1919 Hungarian–Romanian war of 1919  Romania  First Hungarian Republic (until 21 March 1919)
Hungarian Soviet Republic
1919 1922
(Armistice)

1923
(Treaty)
Turkish War of Independence Turkish National Movement
  • Grand National Assembly (after 1920)
    • Kuva-yi Nizamiye
  • Kuva-yi Milliye (until 1920)

Supported by:
 Russian SFSR

 Greece
French Third Republic France
 Armenia (in 1920)
 United Kingdom
 Ottoman Empire (until 1922)
  • Kuva-yi Inzibatiye (in 1920)

 Italy
Georgia (in 1921)

1919 1919 Third Anglo-Afghan War  Afghanistan  British Empire

 India

1919 1920 Waziristan campaign (1919–1920)  British Empire
  •  India
Waziristan
1919 1919 Impresa di Fiume Forces loyal to Gabriele D'Annunzio United States United Kingdom French Third Republic American, British and French occupying forces
1919 1920 Italo-Yugoslav War  Kingdom of Italy

Free State of Fiume

 Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes
1919 1919  [es] Rebels  Honduras
1919 1921 Polish–Soviet War
Poland Republic of Poland

Ukraine Ukrainian People's Republic

 Russian SFSR

Ukrainian SSR

1919 1919 First Silesian Uprising
Part of the Silesian Uprisings
 Weimar Republic Poland Silesian Rebels
1919 1919 Aunus expedition Flag RSFSR 1918.svg Russian SFSR
Red flag.svg Finnish Red Guards
Flag of Finland 1918-1920 (State).svg Finnish White Guards
Flag of Finland 1918-1920 (State).svg Finnish Jäger troops
1919 1920 Alawite Revolt of 1919  France Syrian insurgents
1919 1921 Irish War of Independence Republic of Ireland Irish Republic  United Kingdom
1919 1920 Kuwait–Najd War Flag of Kuwait 1914-1921.png Kuwait
 British Empire
Flag of the Second Saudi State.svg Ikhwan
Bedouins
1919 1922 Greco-Turkish War (1919–1922)
Part of the Turkish War of Independence
Turkish National Movement
Supported by:
 Russian SFSR
 Kingdom of Greece
Supported by:
 United Kingdom
Armenian volunteers
1919 1923 Revolts during the Turkish War of Independence Turkish National Movement  Ottoman Empire
  • Kuva-yi Inzibatiye (in 1920)

Pontic rebels
Milli tribe
Koçgiri tribe
Rebels of Ethem the Circassian (1920-1921)

1920–1929[]

1920–1929
Start Finish Name of Conflict Belligerents
Victorious party (if applicable) Defeated party (if applicable)
1920 1920 Franco-Syrian War France France
French Syria
Arab Revolt Syrian rebels
1920 1920 [65]  Afghanistan Safi regiment
1920 1920 [66] Warfallan tribesmen Tripolitanian Republic
1920 1920 Husino rebellion  Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes Bosnian miners
1920 1920 1920 Iraqi Revolt  British Empire Iraqi rebels
1920 1920 Vlora War Albania Principality of Albania  Kingdom of Italy
1920 1922 1920–1922 Jabal al-Gharbi civil war Tribal fighters Tribal fighters
1920 1920 Polish–Lithuanian War
Part of the Lithuanian Wars of Independence
Poland Poland Lithuania Lithuania
1920 1920 Kapp Putsch  Weimar Republic Far-right Freikorps
1920 1920 Ruhr Uprising  Weimar Republic
Freikorps
Red Ruhr Army
1920 1920 Second Silesian Uprising
Part of the Silesian Uprisings
 Weimar Republic Poland German civil government and police of Upper Silesia
1920 1920 1920 Georgian coup attempt  Democratic Republic of Georgia Georgian Bolsheviks
1920 1920 May Uprising First Republic of Armenia
Armenian Revolutionary Federation
Armenian Bolsheviks
Muslims of Armenia
1920 1920 Turkish–Armenian War
Part of the Turkish War of Independence
Turkish National Movement
 Russian SFSR
First Republic of Armenia
1920 1920 Zhili–Anhui War

Part of the Warlord Era

Republic of China (1912–1949) Zhili clique
Fengtian clique
Republic of China (1912–1949) Anhui clique
1920 1920 Second Pechenga expedition Russian SFSR
Finnish Red Guards
Murmansk Legion
Finnish volunteers
1920 1921 Guangdong–Guangxi War

Part of the Warlord Era

Republic of China (1912–1949) Old Guangxi clique Republic of China (1912–1949) Chinese Revolutionary Party
1920 1921 Dagestan Uprising
Part of the Russian Civil War
 Russian SFSR Dagestani rebels
1920 1926 Rif War France France

Spain Spain

Rif Republic
1920 1920 [49] Rebel tribes

Sultanate of Nejd

Sheikdom of Upper Asir
1921 1921 [67] Iran Autonomous Government of Khorasan
1921 1921 [46]  Turkey Anti-Kemalist Kurdish rebels
1921 1921 Waziristan campaign (1921–1924)  British Empire
  •  India
Waziristan
1921 1921 Anti-fascist uprising in Albona  Kingdom of Italy Albona Republic
1921 1921 Red Army invasion of Georgia
Part of the Russian Civil War
 Russian SFSR
Turkey
Democratic Republic of Georgia
1921 1921 Kronstadt rebellion
Part of the Russian Civil War
 Russian SFSR Anarchist flag.svg Anarchist sailors
1921 1921 February Uprising
Part of the Russian Civil War
Soviet Union Revolutionary committee (Revkom) of Armenia Armenian Revolutionary Federation
1921 1921 Coto War Costa RicaCosta Rica PanamaPanama
1921 1921 Battle of Mountainous Armenia
Part of the Russian Civil War
Armenia Armenia  Russian SFSR
 Turkey
Azerbaijansovietrep1920-1921.svg Azerbaijan SSR
1921 1921 March Action  Weimar Republic Communist Party of Germany
Communist Workers' Party of Germany
1921 1921 Third Silesian Uprising
Part of the Silesian Uprisings
 Weimar Republic Poland Silesian rebels

Poland Poland

1921 1921 Mongolian Revolution of 1921
Part of Russian Civil War
Mongolian Communists
 Russian SFSR
Flag of Mongolia (1911).svg Bogd Khaanate
Flag of Russia.svg White Guards
1921 1921 Charles I of Austria's attempts to retake the throne of Hungary Regentists Loyalists
1921 1921 Uprising in West Hungary Flag of Austria.svg Austria
Flag of Hungary 1940.svg Hungary
Flag of Hungary.svg Rongyos Gárda
Flag of Banate of Leitha.svg Lajtabánság
Islam symbol plane2 green.png Bosnian and Albanian Muslim volunteers
1921 1921 Malabar rebellion  British Empire Khilafat Movement
1921 1921 1921 Persian coup d'etat Persian Cossack Brigade Iranian Qajar police
Jangalis
Simko Kurdish rebels
's forces
supported by:
 Soviet Union
1921 1921 Conquest of Ha'il
Sultanate of Nejd Emirate of Ha'il
1921 1922 East Karelian Uprising and Soviet–Finnish conflict 1921–22
Part of Russian Civil War
 Russian SFSR Finnish and East Karelian rebels
1921 1922 Rand Rebellion  Union of South Africa Miners
South African Communist Party
Syndicalists
1921 1923 Kura Rebellion  United Kingdom
Jordan Emir Abdullah
Jordan Sheikh Kulaib
1921 1921 [68] Ikhwan Principality of Najran
1922 1922 18 of the Copacabana Fort revolt  First Brazilian Republic Tenentista movement
1922 1922 [69]  British Empire
  • United Kingdom British RAF
 Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen
1922 1924 Ikhwan raids on Transjordan United Kingdom British RAF

Jordan Pro-Hashemite tribesmen:[70]

  • Adwan
  • Ajarma
  • Abbad
  • Bani Hasan
  • Bani Hamaida
  • Bani Sakhr
  • Hadid
Ikhwan ('Utaybah tribe)
1922 1922 Bondelswarts Rebellion  Union of South Africa
  • South West Africa
Bondelswarts
1922 1922 [8]  Union of South Africa San rebels
1922 1922 [8]  Union of South Africa Uukwambi rebels
1922 1922 First Zhili–Fengtian War

Part of the Warlord Era

Republic of China (1912–1949) Zhili clique Fengtian clique
1922 1924 Rampa Rebellion of 1922  British Empire
  •  British Raj
Rebel forces loyal to Alluri Sitarama Raju
1922 1922 11 September 1922 Revolution Venizelist rebels  Kingdom of Greece
1922 1923 Irish Civil War Republic of Ireland Pro-treaty forces Republic of Ireland Anti-treaty forces
1922 1923 Paraguayan Civil War (1922) Paraguay Gondrists Paraguay Schaererists
1922 1924 Sheikh Khazal rebellion

Part of the Arab separatism in Khuzestan

Flag of Persia (1910).svg Sublime State of Persia Umayyad Flag.svg Sheikhdom of Mohammerah
Bakhtiari Tribesmen
1922 1924 Second Barzanji Revolt  British Empire
Iraq Kingdom of Iraq (British administration)
Flag of kurdistan-1922 1924.svg Kingdom of Kurdistan
1922 1927 Tenente revolts Flag of Brazil (1889-1960).svg First Brazilian Republic Tenentismo
PCdoB.gif Brazilian Communist Party
1923 1941 [69]  British Empire
  • Aden Protectorate
Rebel tribes:
  • Makhdumi
  • Mansuri
  • Hukais
  • Subayhi
  • Ahl Ma'ir
  • Qutaybi
  • Mawsata
  • Shayri
  • Ahl Haydara
  • Hamumi
1923 1923 Alizai rebellion of 1923  Emirate of Afghanistan Alizai
1923 1923 Corfu incident  Kingdom of Italy  Kingdom of Greece
1923 1923  [es]  Panama Guna rebels
1923 1923  [es][71][72] Mexican government Forces loyal to Adolfo de la Huerta
1923 1923 June Uprising  Bulgaria
IMRO
Bulgaria Shpitskomandi
Bulgarian Communist Party
Bulgarian Agrarian National Union
Anarchists
1923 1923 Leonardopoulos–Gargalidis coup d'état attempt  Kingdom of Greece Monarchist rebels
1923 1923 Adwan Rebellion  United Kingdom
Jordan Emir Abdullah's forces
Jordan Hashemite allied tribesmen
Jordan 's forces
1923 1923 Posey War  United States Ute
Paiute
1923 1923 Hamburg Uprising  Weimar Republic Communist Party of Germany
1923 1923 Beer Hall Putsch  Weimar Republic Nazi Party
1923 1923 Klaipėda Revolt  Lithuania  French Third Republic
1923 1923 September Uprising  Bulgaria
IMRO
Bulgaria Shpitskomandi
Bulgarian Communist Party
Bulgarian Agrarian National Union
Anarchists
1923 1932 Pacification of Libya  Kingdom of Italy Senussi Order
1923 Ongoing Arab separatism in Khuzestan Iran Sublime State of Iran (1922–1924)
Iran Imperial State of Iran (1925–1979)
Iran Islamic Republic of Iran (1979–present)
Sheikhdom of Mohammerah (1922–1924)
DRFLA (1979–1980)
APCO[citation needed]
[citation needed]
[citation needed]
ASMLA
Iranian Arab protesters
1924 1925 [73]  Soviet Union Chechen rebels
1924 1925 [74] Iran Sublime State of Persia Turkmen rebels
1924 1924 Paulista Revolt of 1924  First Brazilian Republic Tenentista movement
1924 1924 Beytussebab rebellion  Turkey Kurdish rebels
1924 1924  [ru]  Soviet Union Rebels
1924 1924  [es] Rebels  Honduras
1924 1925 Khost rebellion (1924–1925)  Emirate of Afghanistan

Allied tribes:

Rebel tribes
1924 1928 1924–1928 Saqqawist insurgency in Afghanistan

Escalated into the Afghan Civil War

Flag of Afghanistan (1929).svg Saqqawists  Emirate of Afghanistan
1924 1924 [8]  Union of South Africa Vaalgras
1924 1924 August Uprising  Soviet Union Committee for Independence of Georgia
1924 1925  [ru]  Soviet Union Tungus Republic
1924 1924 June Revolution Faction of Fan Noli Principality of Albania
1924 1924 1924 Estonian coup d'état attempt  Estonia Comintern
1924 1924 Tatarbunary Uprising  Romania  Soviet Union
1924 1925 Saudi conquest of Hejaz Sultanate of Nejd
 British Empire
Kingdom of Hejaz
1924 1924 Nestorian rebellion  Turkey Nestorians
1924 1924 Second Zhili–Fengtian War

Part of the Warlord Era

Fengtian clique Republic of China (1912–1949) Zhili clique
1924 1926 [49]  Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen Idrisid Emirate of Asir
1924 1924 [49] Idrisid Emirate of Asir

(Sayyid Ali ibn Muhammad al-Idrisi loyalists)

Rebels led by Mustafa
1925 1925 [8]  Union of South Africa Rehoboth Basters
1925 1925 Incident at Petrich  Kingdom of Bulgaria  Kingdom of Greece
1925 1925 Sheikh Said rebellion  Turkey Kurdish tribesmen
1925 1925 Pink's War  United Kingdom Mahsud tribesmen
1925 1925 [78]  Turkey Kurdish rebels
1925 1937 [78]  Turkey Kurdish rebels
1925 1929 Zaraniq rebellion (1925–1929)  Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen Zaraniq tribe

Supported by:

  • Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd
  •  United Kingdom
1925 1927 Great Syrian Revolt France France Syrian rebels
1925 1926 Anti-Fengtian War

Part of the Warlord Era

Fengtian clique
Republic of China (1912–1949) Zhili clique (from February 1918)
Republic of China (1912–1949) Guominjun
Republic of China (1912–1949) Zhili clique (until February 1918)
1925 1926 Urtatagai conflict  Soviet Union Flag of Afghanistan (1919–1921).svg Emirate of Afghanistan
1925 1926 [49] Rebels led by Sayyid al-Hasan ibn Ali al-Idrisial-Hasani

Supported by:

Sultanate of Nejd

Idrisid Emirate of Asir

(Sayyid Ali ibn Muhammad al-Idrisi loyalists)

1926 1926 [49] Idrisid Emirate of Asir Rebel tribes
1926 1927 [79] Government of the Sultanate of Tarim
  • "The League"

Kathiri

Tamimi rebels
1926 1926 1926 Simko Shikak revolt Pahlavi Iran Shikak tribesmen

Herki tribesmen

Begzadeh tribesmen

1926 1927 Nicaraguan civil war (1926-1927) Nicaraguan Conservatives (government) Nicaraguan Liberals (rebels)
1926 1928 Northern Expedition

Part of the Warlord Era

 Republic of China Republic of China (1912–1949) Beiyang Government
1926 1929 Cristero War  Mexico Cristeros
1926 1926 1926 Communist Revolt in Indonesia  Dutch Empire Communist Party of Indonesia
1927 1927 [1]
1927 1930 Ararat rebellion  Turkey Republic of Ararat
1927 1930 Ikhwan Revolt Ibn Saud
 United Kingdom

Flag of Kuwait 1914-1921.png Kuwait

Ikhwan
1927 1927 [78]  Turkey Kurdish rebels
1927 1927 Ikhwan raid on Busayya

Part of the Ikhwan revolt

Ikhwan Iraq Iraqi Police force
1927 1950 Chinese Civil War Communist Party of China
After 1949:
 People's Republic of China
Nationalist Party of China
Republic of China
After 1949:
 Republic of China on Taiwan
1928 1935 [80][81][82][83] Sublime State of Persia West Baluchistan
1928 1932  [ar] Ibn Saud Rebels loyal to Hamed bin Rafda
1928 1928 Haji Abdul Rahman Limbong's rebellion  British Empire
  • North Borneo
Rebels
1928 1929 Afghan Civil War (1928–1929) Flag of Afghanistan (1928–1929).svg Amānullāh Khān
(Until 14 January 1929)

Flag of Afghanistan (1919–1921).svg Inayatullah Khan
(14-17 January 1929)
Flag of Ali Ahmad Khan's rebellion against Habibullah Kalakani.svg Ali Ahmad Khan
(17 January - 9 February 1929)
Various anti-Saqqawist tribes
Flag of Afghanistan (1929–1931).svg Mohammed Nādir Khān
(March–October 1929)
Intervening against Basmachi:
 Soviet Union[84]
Shinwari tribesmen
(14 November–December 1928)

Flag of Afghanistan (1929).svg Saqqawists
(November 1928 – 17 January 1929)

Flag of Afghanistan (1929).svg Emirate of Afghanistan
(18 January – 13 October 1929)
In cooperation with:
Basmachi
(1929)

1928 1931 Kongo-Wara rebellion  France Gbaya rebels
1929 1931  [ru]  Soviet Union Kazakh Rebels
1929 1929 Escobar Rebellion Mexico Mexico Escobar rebels
1929 1929 1929 Basmachi border raids on the Soviet Union  Soviet Union Basmachi
1929 1929 Chiang-Gui War

Part of the Warlord Era

Taiwan Republic of China Taiwan New Guangxi Clique
1929 1929 Afghan campaign of the Red Army (1929)  Soviet Union Basmachi
1929 1929 Sino-Soviet conflict (1929)  Soviet Union  Republic of China
1929 1930  [ru]  Soviet Union Rebels
1929 1929 [78]  Turkey Kurdish rebels
1929 1931 Anti-Saqqawist campaigns in Kuhdaman and Herat  Kingdom of Afghanistan Flag of Afghanistan (1929).svg Saqqawists
1929 1930 Women's War Igbo Women of Owerri and Calabar Provinces Warrant Chiefs
United Kingdom British Colonial Forces
1929 1929 [7]  France
  • Colony of Madagascar and Dependencies
Rebels
1929 1929 Persian tribal uprisings of 1929 Sublime State of Persia Qashqai, Khamseh, and Bakhtiari rebels
1929 1929 [85] Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd Rebels

1930–1944[]

1930–1944
Start Finish Name of Conflict Belligerents
Victorious party (if applicable) Defeated party (if applicable)
1930 1935 [7]  France
  • Colony of Madagascar and Dependencies
Rebels
1930 1930 Shinwari rebellion Kingdom of Afghanistan Shinwari tribesmen
1930 1930 [78]  Turkey Kurdish rebels
1930 1930 Afridi Redshirt Rebellion  British Empire Afridi tribesmen
1930 1930 Kuhistan rebellion (February–April 1930) Kingdom of Afghanistan Rebels
1930 1931 Uprising of the Nghệ-Tĩnh Soviets France French colonial empire Nghệ-Tĩnh Soviets
1930 1930  [ru]  Soviet Union Rebels
1930 1930  [ru]  Mongolian People's Republic Buddhist clergy, former feudal lords, Arats.
1930 1930  [ru]  Soviet Union Rebels
1930 1930  [ru]  Soviet Union Rebels
1930 1930 Kuhistan rebellion (July 1930) Kingdom of Afghanistan Flag of Afghanistan (1929).svg Saqqawists
1930 1930 Yen Bai mutiny  French Indochina VNQDD
1930 1930 Central Plains War

Part of the Warlord Era

Taiwan Forces of Chiang Kai-shek Taiwan Forces of the coalition of Yan Xishan, Feng Yuxiang, Wang Jingwei, and Li Zongren
1930 1930 Chittagong armoury raid  British Empire Anushilan Samiti
1930 1930 Gugsa Wale's Rebellion Haile Selassie loyalists Empress Zewditu supporters
1930 1931 Nghe-Tinh Revolt  French Indochina Vietnamese rebels
1930 1932 Saya San Rebellion  British Empire Burmese rebels
1930 1930 Afghan campaign of the Red Army (1930)  Soviet Union Basmachi
1930 1932 Sino-Tibetan War  Republic of China Tibet Tibet
1930 1930 Brazilian Revolution of 1930 Flag of Brazil (1889-1960).svg First Brazilian Republic Flag of Brazil (1889-1960).svg Liberal Alliance and tenentistas.
  • Coat of arms of the Brazilian Army.svg Brazilian Army
1930 1930 Wushe Rebellion  Empire of Japan
Toda
Truku[86] (Taroko)
Tkdaya[86]
1931 1933  [ar] Saudi Arabia Idrisid Emirate

Supported by:

Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen

1931 1931 1931 Saudi–Yemeni border skirmish Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen
1931 1931  [pt]  Portugal Rebels
1931 1931  [ru]  Soviet Union Rebels
1931 1931 1931 Cyprus Revolt  British Empire Greek Cypriot rebels
1931 1931 Jafar Sultan revolt Iran Kurdish rebels
1931 1931 Norte Grande insurrection  Chile Communist Party of Chile
1931 1931 Chilean naval mutiny of 1931  Chile Chilean Navy rebels
1931/32 1932 Najran conflict Saudi Arabia Yemen
1931 1932 Japanese invasion of Manchuria  Empire of Japan  Republic of China
1931 1932 Ahmed Barzani revolt  Kingdom of Iraq Barzan tribe
1931 1934 Kumul Rebellion  Republic of China  First East Turkestan Republic
1932 1932 [8]  Union of South Africa Uukwambi rebels
1932 1932 [87] Ethiopian Empire Kingdom of Jimma
1932 1932 Lesko uprising Poland Second Polish Republic Peasant rebels
1932 1932 Constitutionalist Revolution Brazil Brazil  São Paulo
1932 1932 Ecuadorian Civil War Leftist and Liberal rebels  Ecuador
1932 1932 January 28 Incident  Republic of China  Empire of Japan
1932 1932  [ru]  Soviet Union Chechen rebels
1932 1933 [88][89]

Part of the Warlord Era

Taiwan Forces of Liu Xiang
Taiwan Forces of Tian Songyao
Taiwan Allied warlords
Taiwan Forces of Liu Wenhui
Taiwan Forces of Wang Jialie
Taiwan Ma Clique
Taiwan Allied warlords
1932 1932 1932 armed uprising in Mongolia  Mongolian People's Republic
 Soviet Union
Anti-communist rebels
1932 1932 Kirghiz rebellion  Republic of China Kirghiz rebels
1932 1932 1932 Salvadoran peasant uprising  El Salvador Salvadoran peasants
1932 1932 Sanjurjada  Spanish Republic Rebel Officers
1932 1933 Leticia Incident  Colombia  Peru
1932 1935 Chaco War  Paraguay  Bolivia
1932 1932 Darre Khel revolt Kingdom of Afghanistan Rebels
1932 1932 Emu War Emus  Australia
1932 1939 Soviet–Japanese border conflicts  Soviet Union
 Mongolia
 Japan
  •  Manchukuo
  • Japanese Korea
1933 1933 [90] Kingdom of Afghanistan Mohmand rebels
1933 1933 Crazy Fakir's rebellion Kingdom of Afghanistan Forces of the Crazy Fakir
1933 1936 Actions in Inner Mongolia (1933–1936)  Empire of Japan Taiwan Republic of China
1933 1933 Boworadet Rebellion  Thailand Rebels under Prince Boworadet
1933 1933 Kazym rebellion  Soviet Union Khanty rebels
1933 1933 Anarchist uprising in Spain (1933)  Spanish Republic Spanish Anarchists
1933 1933 De Zeven Provinciën Mutiny  The Netherlands Dutch Navy rebels
1934 1938  [es] Mexico Mexican Government Cristeros
1934 1934 Asturian Revolution  Spanish Republic Asturian Miners
1934 1934  [ru]  Soviet Union Rebels
1934 1934 Soviet invasion of Xinjiang  Republic of China  Soviet Union
Russian Empire White Russian forces
Torgut Mongols
1934 1934 Austrian Civil War Austria First Austrian Republic

Fatherland's Front

Social Democratic Party of Austria
1934 1934 July Putsch Austria First Austrian Republic Austrian Legion
1934 1934 Events of 6 October Second Spanish Republic Spanish Republic Catalonia Generalitat of Catalonia
1934 1934 1934 Khamba Rebellion Tibet Tibet (1912–1951)
Sichuan clique
Communist Party of China
Khamba Tribesmen
1934 1934 Saudi–Yemeni War Saudi Arabia Yemen Yemen
1935 1935  [de]  Nazi Germany Rebels
1935 1935 Mohmand campaign of 1935  British Empire Mohmand tribesmen
1935 1935 May 2 uprising  United States Sakdalista
1935 1935 1935 Yazidi revolt  Kingdom of Iraq Yazidis
1935 1935 Goharshad Mosque rebellion  Iran Bazaaris
1935 1935 1935 Greek coup d'état attempt  Second Hellenic Republic Venizelist rebels
1935 1936 1935–36 Iraqi Shia revolts  Kingdom of Iraq Shia tribesmen
1935 1935 Brazilian uprising of 1935  Brazil Brazilian Communist Party
1935 1936 Second Italo-Ethiopian War  Kingdom of Italy  Ethiopian Empire
1936 1936 1936 Iraqi coup d'état Iraq Bakr Sidqi's supporters Iraq Iraqi Government
1936 1936 Scythe Cross rebellion  Kingdom of Hungary Hungarian National Socialist Party
1936 1936 1936 Naval Revolt (Portugal)  Portugal Revolutionary Armed Organization
1936 1936 February 26 Incident  Empire of Japan Righteous Army
1936 1939 1936–1939 Arab revolt in Palestine  United Kingdom
British Army
Palestine Police Force
Jewish Settlement Police
Jewish Supernumerary Police
Haganah
Special Night Squads
FOSH
Peulot Meyuhadot
Irgun
Peace Bands
Arab Higher Committee
1936 1939 Spanish Civil War National faction

Supported by:

  •  Italy
  •  Germany
  • Portugal
  • Foreign volunteers
Second Spanish Republic Republican faction
  • Second Spanish Republic Spanish Republican Army
  • Popular Front
  • CNT/FAI
  • UGT
  • ERC
  • Basque Country (autonomous community) Basque Army (1936–1937)
  • Galicianist Party

Supported by:

  • International Brigades
  •  Soviet Union (1936–1938)
  •  Mexico
  • France France (1936)
1936 1939 Waziristan campaign (1936–1939)  British Empire
  •  India
Waziristan
1937 1939 [91]  Kingdom of Afghanistan Rebels
1937 1937 [90]  Kingdom of Afghanistan Rebel tribes:
  • Mohmand
  • Shinwari
  • Sulaimankhel
1937 1937 Islamic rebellion in Xinjiang (1937)  Soviet Union
Russian Empire White Russian forces
 Republic of China
1937 1937 Dieu Python movement  French Indochina Degar rebels
1937 1938 Dersim Rebellion  Turkey Dersim tribes
1937 1945 Second Sino-Japanese War
Part of World War II
 Republic of China

 Soviet Union (1937-1941; 1944-1945)
 United States (1941-1945)
 British Empire (1942-1945)

 Empire of Japan

Flag of the Republic of China-Nanjing (Peace, Anti-Communism, National Construction).svg Reorganized National Government of China
 Manchukuo
 Mengjiang

1938 1938  [pt] Brazil Brazilian Integralist Action
1938 1939 [91][92]  Kingdom of Afghanistan Rebel tribes:
1938 1938 1938 Greek coup d'état attempt  Second Hellenic Republic Venizelist rebels
1938 1938 Sudeten German uprising Flag of the Sudets (without CoA).Svg Sudetendeutsches Freikorps

 Germany

Czechoslovakia
1939 1939 Hungarian Invasion of the Carpatho-Ukraine  Kingdom of Hungary Ukraine Carpatho-Ukraine
1939 1939 Slovak–Hungarian War  Kingdom of Hungary Slovak Republic
1939 1965 Maquis insurgency  Nationalist Spain Second Spanish Republic Spanish Maquis
1939 1939 Italian invasion of Albania  Kingdom of Italy Albania Albanian Kingdom
1939 1945 World War II Allied Powers:
 Soviet Union
 United States
 United Kingdom
 China
France France
Flag of Poland (1928-1980).svg Poland
 Yugoslavia
 Greece
 Netherlands
 Belgium
 Luxembourg
 Norway
 Czechoslovakia
 India
 Canada
 Australia
 New Zealand
 South Africa
Philippines
Ethiopian Empire Ethiopia
Brazil Brazil
Mongolian People's Republic Mongolia
 Mexico
Axis Powers:
 Germany
 Japan
 Italy
 Romania
Kingdom of Hungary Hungary
 Bulgaria
Slovakia
 Croatia
 Finland
Thailand
 Iraq
1939 1939 [8]  South Africa Odonga rebels
1939 1940 Winter War
Part of World War II
 Soviet Union  Finland
1940 1944 1940–1944 insurgency in Chechnya

Part of World War II and the Chechen–Russian conflict

 Soviet Union Provisional Popular Revolutionary Government of Chechnya-Ingushetia

Supported by:

Nazi Germany Germany (1942)

1940 1940 Czortków uprising
Part of World War II
 Soviet Union Poland Polish rebels
1940 1940 Soviet occupation of the Baltic states (1940)
Part of World War II
 Soviet Union  Estonia
 Latvia
 Lithuania
1940 1940 Soviet occupation of Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina
Part of World War II
 Soviet Union  Romania
1940 1941 Franco-Thai War
Part of World War II
 Thailand Vichy France Vichy France

 French Indochina

1941 1941 Legionnaires' Rebellion  Kingdom of Romania Iron Guard
1941 1941 Ecuadorian–Peruvian War  Peru  Ecuador
1941 1941 Anglo-Iraqi War
Part of World War II
 United Kingdom

 British India
Jordan Transjordan

 Kingdom of Iraq

 Nazi Germany
 Kingdom of Italy

1941 1944 Continuation War
Part of World War II
 Soviet Union

 United Kingdom

 Finland

 Nazi Germany
 Kingdom of Italy

1941 1944 Hama Rashid revolt Iran Kurdish tribes
1941 1941 June 1941 uprising in eastern Herzegovina
Part of World War II
 Independent State of Croatia

 Italy

Serb rebels from eastern Herzegovina and Montenegro
1941 1941 Uprising in Serbia (1941)
Part of World War II
Government of National Salvation

Nazi Germany Nazi Germany

Partisans

Chetniks

1942 1954 Hukbalahap Rebellion Philippines
United States
Hukbalahap
Soviet Union
Japan
1943 1943 [95]
1943 1945 1943 Barzani revolt Iraq Kingdom of Iraq

Supported by:

Kurdish tribesmen (1945)

  • Zibrari
  • Berwari
  • Doski
  • Elements of the ‘Muhajarin' tribe
Kurdish rebels
  • Barzani tribesmen
  • Allied Kurdish tribes
1943 1945 Italian Civil War
Part of World War II
Italian Resistance
 Kingdom of Italy
United Kingdom United States Allied Powers
Italian Social Republic
 Nazi Germany
1943 1943 Woyane rebellion  Ethiopian Empire

 UK

Woyanne rebels
1943 1944 Jesselton revolt
Part of World War II
 Empire of Japan Kinabalu rebels
1943 1949 Ukrainian Insurgent Army insurgency  Soviet Union
Poland People's Republic of Poland
 Polish Underground State
 Nazi Germany (1941–1944)
Ukrainian Insurgent Army
1944 1944 Palm Sunday Coup  El Salvador Pro-Axis rebels
1944 1945 1944–1945 Insurgency in Balochistan  United Kingdom
  •  British India
Badinzai rebels
1944 1947 Afghan tribal revolts of 1944–1947  Afghanistan
 • Allied Nuristani and Shinwari tribesmen
 British Empire
 •  India
Rebel tribes:
  • Zadran (1944–1947)
  • Safi (until 1946)
  • Mangal (1945)
1944 1945 Lapland War
Part of World War II
 Finland  Nazi Germany
1944 1946 Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944-1946) Poland People's Republic of Poland
 Soviet Union
Polish Underground State Cursed soldiers
1944 1947 Jewish insurgency in Palestine Jewish Resistance Movement
  • Haganah
  • Irgun
  • Lehi
United Kingdom British Army
Royal Navy
Royal Air Force
United Kingdom Palestine Police Force
1944 1944 Luluabourg and Jadotville Mutiny[96]  Belgian Congo Force Publique Mutineers
1944 1944 1944 Kivu Uprising  Belgian Congo Watchtower Movement
1944 1949 Ili Rebellion Communist Party of China
Second East Turkestan Republic
 Soviet Union
Russia White Russian forces
Mongolian People's Republic
 Republic of China
National Revolutionary Army
1944 1951 Goryani Insurgency  People's Republic of Bulgaria Goryani
1944 1953 Guerrilla war in the Baltic states  Soviet Union EstoniaLatviaLithuania Forest Brothers

Notes[]

References[]

  1. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g Niblock, Tim. Class and Power in Sudan: The Dynamics of Sudanese Politics, 1898-1985. SUNY Press. p. 162. ISBN 978-1-4384-1466-9. Primary resistance took three forms. First. nabi 'Isa movements emerged in the northern Sudan, among parts of the population which had been strongly influenced by Mahdism. Such movements were based on the belief, emanating from Islamic eschatology, that the anti-Christ (al-daffal) who had destroyed the rule of the Mandi and his successor would in due course be defeated by Jesus (nabi 'lea) descending from heaven and leading the Muslims to victory. A number of self-professed nabi 'Isas arose in the years following 1898. Even the more successful of these, however, only managed to secure a very localised support. The principal nabi 'Isa uprisings were those staged by Muhammad al-Amin in Tegale (1903); Adam Wad Muhammad in Sennar (1904); 'Abd al-Qadir Wad Habbuba in the Gezira (1908)' Faki Najm al-Din in Kordofan (1912); and Ahmad 'Umar in Darfur (1915).
    Second, sporadic tribal uprisings took place in the southern Sudan and in the Nuba mountains over the first 30 years of Condominium rule. Of particular importance was the Nuer resistance, led by Den-gkur and Diu (1899-1908); the Zande resistance under Sultan Yam-bio (1900-1905); the scattered but continuing incidents in the Nuba mountains (going up to 1918); the risings among the Agar Dinka (1901) and the Atwot Dinka (1903-10); and the widely-based rising among the Nuer in 1927' The Condominium authorities suppressed these uprisings mainly by despatching punitive expeditions, with the occasional aerial bombardments in the period which followed the First World War.
  2. ^ "Frontier and overseas expeditions from India". 1907.
  3. ^ Weiser, Martin (2006). "The Herero war – the first genocide of the 20th century?". Bachelor's Thesis, Univerzita Karlova v Praze
  4. ^ Rasoul, Rasoul (2017). "History of Kirkuk from the Beginning of the Nineteenth Century until Becoming Part of the Iraqi Monarchy in 1925" (PDF). db-thueringen.de. Faculty of Philosophy, University of Erfurt. p. 118.
  5. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k Asante, Molefi Kete (2018-12-18). "Appendix I - Chronology of Africa". The History of Africa: The Quest for Eternal Harmony. Routledge. ISBN 9781351685153.
  6. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab Hagen, Piet (2018-05-10). "Opstanden, expedities en oorlogen". Koloniale oorlogen in Indonesië: Vijf eeuwen verzet tegen vreemde overheersing (in Dutch). Singel Uitgeverijen. ISBN 9789029524209.
  7. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Boahen, A. Adu; Africa, Unesco International Scientific Committee for the Drafting of a General History of (1985). Africa Under Colonial Domination 1880-1935. UNESCO. p. 244. ISBN 9789231017131.
  8. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p "Uprisings against the German/South African Colonial Power". klausdierks.com.
  9. ^ Shoup, John A. (2011-10-31). Ethnic Groups of Africa and the Middle East: An Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. p. 266. ISBN 9781598843620. The kingdom was able to last until 1901, when the French conquered it as part of their conquest of the Niger River/Sahara region
  10. ^ White, John Albert (2002-06-27). Transition to Global Rivalry: Alliance Diplomacy and the Quadruple Entente, 1895-1907. Cambridge University Press. p. 131. ISBN 978-0-521-52665-4. Revolutionary activity began in Central Asia well before the St. Petersburg events of January 1905. The railway workers at Kala-i-Mor near Kushka struck in 1902 and the Russian railway workers of Tashkent demonstrated on May 1, 1904. Central Asia was thus prepared to join in the great strike of October 1905 and did so formally and officially on a signal from the strike committee of Ashkhabad at midnight on the night of October 13–14. The Grand Duke Konstantin Nikolaevich who was then in Tashkent noted on October 26 that the strike appeared to be over and it officially ended the next day only to begin again when the First Tashkent Reserve Battalion and other units mutinied on November 15. General Dean Ivanovich Subotich, who was sent in early 1906 to take over the troubled city of Tashkent, tried, at a time of administrative weakness, to restore order by appeasing the terrorists and revolutionaries, thus assisting them. When the government began to regain control of the situation, Subotich and his assistant, General V. V. Sakharov, were relieved of their commands. The government never lost complete control of the region and by early 1907 it was once more in command of the situation.
  11. ^ Jump up to: a b c d Katagiri, Noriyuki (2015). Adapting to Win: How Insurgents Fight and Defeat Foreign States in War. University of Pennsylvania Press. p. 197. ISBN 9780812246414.
  12. ^ Intelligence Branch, Army Headquarters, India (1907). Frontier And Overseas Expeditions From India Vol. 2. Low Price Publications. p. 445. ISBN 978-1845743536.
  13. ^ Baldry, John (1976). "Anglo-Italian Rivalry in Yemen and ʿAsīr 1900-1934". Die Welt des Islams. 17 (1/4): 155–193. doi:10.2307/1570344. ISSN 0043-2539. JSTOR 1570344.
  14. ^ Becker, Seymour (2004-08-02). Russia's Protectorates in Central Asia: Bukhara and Khiva, 1865-1924. Routledge. p. 171. ISBN 978-1-134-33583-1. With Russia’s permission Bukharan officials finally began to collect taxes in Shugnan-Roshan in March 1903, and they immediately met with opposition from the inhabitants, who had just weathered a particularly severe winter with great losses of cattle and crops. The Russian authorities at Khorog and Tashkent tried to steer a middle course between the population and the Bukharan officials, persuading the inhabitants not to revolt or flee while prevailing upon the emir’s government to ease the tax burden. Russia’s efforts were to no avail, and open rebellion occurred in Vakhan, where the intervention of Russian troops from a nearby Russian frontier post was necessary to free ten Bukharan tax collectors and to suppress the disorders. The Russians arrested the rebel leaders and turned them over to the Bukharan administration. Governor General N.A.Ivanov sent his diplomatic attaché, A.Polovtsev, to investigate the disturbances and explain to the population that Russia expected them to obey their own government and would not tolerate any failure to do so. Ivanov meanwbile departed from the policy of his predecessor by urging the immediate annexation of Shugnan-Roshan.
  15. ^ The Idrisi State in Asir 1906–1934: Politics, Religion and Prestige in Arabia. Hurst Publishers. 1997. pp. 33, 34.
  16. ^ "( 1903 ) -". Retrieved 12 December 2014.
  17. ^ "معركة جو لبن". Retrieved 12 December 2014.
  18. ^ "Britain Sokoto Conquest 1903". www.onwar.com. Retrieved 2019-06-19.
  19. ^ Collett, Nigel (2006-10-15). The Butcher of Amritsar: General Reginald Dyer. A&C Black. p. 89. ISBN 978-1-85285-575-8.
  20. ^ Kashani-Sabet, Firoozeh (2014-08-07). Frontier Fictions: Shaping the Iranian Nation, 1804-1946. Princeton University Press. pp. xvii. ISBN 9781400865079.
  21. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Abrahamian, Ervand (1982). Iran Between Two Revolutions. Princeton University Press. pp. 76–77. ISBN 0-691-10134-5.
  22. ^ Jump up to: a b c Abrahamian, Ervand (1982). Iran Between Two Revolutions. Princeton University Press. pp. 83. ISBN 0-691-10134-5.
  23. ^ Abrahamian, Ervand (1982). Iran Between Two Revolutions. Princeton University Press. pp. 81. ISBN 0-691-10134-5.
  24. ^ Jump up to: a b Abrahamian, Ervand (1982). Iran Between Two Revolutions. Princeton University Press. pp. 84. ISBN 0-691-10134-5.
  25. ^ Jump up to: a b Abrahamian, Ervand (1982). Iran Between Two Revolutions. Princeton University Press. pp. 97. ISBN 0-691-10134-5.
  26. ^ Jump up to: a b c Abrahamian, Ervand (1982). Iran Between Two Revolutions. Princeton University Press. pp. 95. ISBN 0-691-10134-5.
  27. ^ Abrahamian, Ervand (1982). Iran Between Two Revolutions. Princeton University Press. pp. 91. ISBN 0-691-10134-5.
  28. ^ Berberian, Houri (2001). Armenians and the Iranian Constitutional Revolution of 1905–1911. Westview Press. pp. 116–117. ISBN 978-0-8133-3817-0.
  29. ^ Jack A. Goldstone. The Encyclopedia of Political Revolutions Routledge, 29 apr. 2015 ISBN 1135937583 p 245
  30. ^ Jump up to: a b c "Records of the Kurds: Territory, Revolt and Nationalism, 1831-1979 - Cambridge Archive Editions". www.archiveeditions.co.uk. Retrieved 2020-02-22.
  31. ^ Jump up to: a b "COW War List". correlatesofwar.org. Correlates of War. Retrieved 6 September 2019.
  32. ^ Picard (1907). "Observations sur les Mahafalys" (PDF). persee.fr. p. 206.
  33. ^ Al-Maghafi, Fadhl (2012). "MORE THAN JUST A BOUNDARY DISPUTE:THE REGIONAL GEOPOLITICS OF SAUDI-YEMENI RELATIONS" (PDF). pp. 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103.
  34. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Yılmazçelik, İbrahim. "ersim Sancağının Kurulmasından Sonra Karşılaşılan Güçlükler ve Dersim Sancağı ile İlgili Bu Dönemde Yazılan Raporlar (1875-1918)" (PDF). dergiler.ankara.edu.tr (in Turkish).
  35. ^ "Arabia, Yemen, and Iraq 1700-1950 by Sanderson Beck". www.san.beck.org. Retrieved 2019-06-21. Abdul Aziz ibn Saud still had to put down occasional revolts by the tribes. In May 1907 the Mutair tribe was defeated at Majma’a and pardoned. They rebelled again and were defeated at Buraida.
  36. ^ Klein, Janet (2011-05-31). The Margins of Empire: Kurdish Militias in the Ottoman Tribal Zone. Stanford University Press. p. 101. ISBN 978-0-8047-7775-9.
  37. ^ Popkin, Samuel L.; Popkin, Samuel L. (1979-06-11). The Rational Peasant: The Political Economy of Rural Society in Vietnam. University of California Press. pp. xvii. ISBN 978-0-520-03954-4. 1908 Annam: Scholar-led peasant revolt against taxes and corvee (works in connection with Nong Son coal mine then under way) and imposition of iron currency.
  38. ^ "MOHMAND EXPEDITION". Kalgoorlie Miner (WA : 1895 - 1954). 27 May 1908. p. 5. Retrieved 2019-10-17.
  39. ^ "Arabia, Yemen, and Iraq 1700-1950 by Sanderson Beck". www.san.beck.org. Retrieved 2019-06-21. Buraida’s Governor Muhammad Aba al-Kehil rebelled in 1908, and after his defeat the Saudi prince restored him.
  40. ^ Jump up to: a b Becker, Seymour (2004-08-02). Russia's Protectorates in Central Asia: Bukhara and Khiva, 1865-1924. Routledge. p. 173. ISBN 978-1-134-33583-1. In the next few years further evidence of this inability was provided by several minor uprisings - such as one in Kulab in 1910 and another in Hisar in 1913 - which were suppressed only with the aid of Russian troops.
  41. ^ Henriksen, Thomas H. (1978). Mozambique: a history. Collings. p. 86. ISBN 978-0-86036-017-9.
  42. ^ Lee, Mai Na M. (2015-06-16). Dreams of the Hmong Kingdom: The Quest for Legitimation in French Indochina, 1850–1960. University of Wisconsin Pres. p. 96. ISBN 978-0-299-29884-5.
  43. ^ Henige, David (1979). History in Africa. African Studies Association. p. 54. By the time Portuguese military expeditions reached Kasanje in 1910, intent on effective occupation and "pacification," only regional chieftains, some still claiming the kinguri title, remained to resist their advance. Portuguese military commanders seized and destroyed the regalia of the kinguri position in 1912, thereby ending the history of the state by burning the symbols in which had inhered the power of its kings.
  44. ^ Sykes, Sir Percy (2013-09-27). A History Of Persia. Routledge. p. 423. ISBN 978-1-136-52597-1.
  45. ^ St John, Ronald Bruce (4 June 2014). Historical Dictionary of Libya. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 316. ISBN 9780810878761.
  46. ^ Jump up to: a b c Eskander, Saad (2014). "Britain's Policy Towards The Kurdish Question, 1915-1923" (PDF). etheses.lse.ac.uk. pp. 44, 45, 217.
  47. ^ "File 4684/1913 'Pt 1 Muscat rebellion'". Qatar Digital Library. 2016-06-08. Retrieved 2019-11-25.
  48. ^ Association, Cheke Cultural Writers (1994). The history and cultural life of the Mbunda speaking peoples. The Association. p. 101. ISBN 9789982030069.
  49. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g Bang, Anne (1997). The Idrisi State in Asir 1906–1934. pp. 104, 111, 113, 118, 122, 123.
  50. ^ Jump up to: a b c d Henning, Barbara (2018-04-03). Narratives of the History of the Ottoman-Kurdish Bedirhani Family in Imperial and Post-Imperial Contexts: Continuities and Changes. University of Bamberg Press. pp. 322, 323, 324, 325, 326, 327. ISBN 9783863095512.
  51. ^ Jump up to: a b Abegaz, Berhanu (2018-06-09). A Tributary Model of State Formation: Ethiopia, 1600-2015. Springer. p. 48. ISBN 9783319757803.
  52. ^ Vos, Jelmer (2015). Kongo in the Age of Empire, 1860–1913: The Breakdown of a Moral Order. University of Wisconsin Pres. p. 350. ISBN 9780299306243.
  53. ^ Jump up to: a b Minahan, James (2002-05-30). Encyclopedia of the Stateless Nations: Ethnic and National Groups Around the World A-Z [4 Volumes]. ABC-CLIO. p. 350. ISBN 9780313076961.
  54. ^ Lundahl, Mats; Lundius, Jan (2012-10-02). Peasants and Religion: A Socioeconomic Study of Dios Olivorio and the Palma Sola Religion in the Dominican Republic. Routledge. p. 105. ISBN 978-1-134-68765-7.
  55. ^ Contesting Colonial Discourse: Rewriting Murut History of Resistance in British North Borneo from 1881 to 1915 http://ejournals.ukm.my/akademika/article/download/3037/1935
  56. ^ Peil, Margaret; Oyeneye, Olatunji Y. (1998). Consensus, Conflict, and Change: A Sociological Introduction to African Societies. East African Publishers. p. 115. ISBN 978-9966-46-747-8. The second important reaction was the Sadiavahe movement (1915-17). This was an armed peasant uprising which first began in the south-west on the left bank of the river Menarandra in early February 1915 and spread very quickly to the districts of Ampanihy and Tsihombe. The Sadiavahe stole cattle, attacked villages, cut telegraph wires. and withdrew into hiding-places well away from the posts controlled by the administration. They formed bands, ranging in number from ten to forty members at most, which were extremely mobile. Among the reasons why entire villages gave open or clandestine support to the Sadiavahe was the acute poverty of the population as a result of the very infrequent but violent rainfall, the imposition of a cattle tax, and the far-reaching of fats of the First World War, which had led to the mobilisation of people and to food shortages.
  57. ^ Davis, Ronald W. (1975). "The Liberian Struggle for Authority on the Kru Coast". The International Journal of African Historical Studies. 8 (2): 222–265. doi:10.2307/216649. ISSN 0361-7882. JSTOR 216649.
  58. ^ Sokol, Edward Dennis (2016). The Revolt of 1916 in Russian Central Asia. JHU Press. p. 136. ISBN 9781421420509. These Yomud Turkomans situated along the Persian border proved much more difficult to deal with. These Yomuds had shown their rebellious disposition before when in 1912 and 1915 those subject to the Khivan khanate revolted. In 1915 an attack was organized against the city of Khiva and was beaten off only with the help of Russian troops under General Galkin.
  59. ^ The Netherlands Indies and the Great War, 1914-1918. p. 453.
  60. ^ In Union with him and Bey Madamin counter-revolutionary robber bands with July 10, 1919, to January 1920.
  61. ^ Muḥammad, Fayz̤; Hazārah, Fayz̤ Muḥammad Kātib (1999). Kabul Under Siege: Fayz Muhammad's Account of the 1929 Uprising. Markus Wiener Publishers. p. 12. ISBN 9781558761551.
  62. ^ Supporters of Habibullah had fought in alliance with such films only in northern Afghanistan
  63. ^ Report of the Battles Nomenclature Committee
  64. ^ The Third Afghan War 1919 Official Account p. 13
  65. ^ Adamec, Ludwig W. (1975). Historical and Political Who's who of Afghanistan (PDF). Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt. p. 166. ISBN 978-3-201-00921-8. There was an abortive uprising by the Safi regiment in his favour in June 1920. This regiment was raised in Tagao by Sardar Inayatullah.
  66. ^ Ahmida, Ali Abdullatif (2002). The making of modern Libya. Albany, New York: SUNY Press. pp. 126–131. ISBN 978-1-4384-2891-8. Retrieved 12 June 2011.
  67. ^ Farrokh, Kaveh (2011-12-20). Iran at War: 1500-1988. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 187. ISBN 978-1-78096-240-5.
  68. ^ Al-Maghafi, Fadhl (2012). "MORE THAN JUST A BOUNDARY DISPUTE: THE REGIONAL GEOPOLITICS OF SAUDI-YEMENI RELATIONS" (PDF). eprints.soas.ac.uk. pp. 107, 110.
  69. ^ Jump up to: a b Peterson, J. E. (2016-08-05). Defending Arabia. Routledge. p. 35. ISBN 978-1-317-22999-5.
  70. ^ Joab B. Eilon, Yoav Alon. The making of Jordan: tribes, colonialism and the modern state. 2007: pp.54-56. [1]
  71. ^ Machado, Manuel A. (1972). "The United States and the De la Huerta Rebellion". The Southwestern Historical Quarterly. 75 (3): 303–324. ISSN 0038-478X. JSTOR 30238152.
  72. ^ Sarkees, Meredith Reid; Wayman, Frank Whelon (2010-07-01). Resort to war: a data guide to inter-state, extra-state, intra-state, and non-state wars, 1816-2007. CQ Press. p. 399. ISBN 9780872894341.
  73. ^ "Восстание в Чечне 1924-1925 гг". www.hrono.ru. Retrieved 2019-07-15.
  74. ^ Olson, Robert (1991). "The Turkoman Rebellion in Eastern Iran, 1924-5: Its Consequences and the Soviet Reaction". Die Welt des Islams. 31 (2): 216–227. doi:10.2307/1570580. ISSN 0043-2539. JSTOR 1570580.
  75. ^ Poullada, Leon B. (1973). Reform and rebellion in Afghanistan, 1919-1929: King Amanullah's failure to modernize a tribal society. Cornell University Press. p. 123. ISBN 9780801407727.
  76. ^ Chua, Andrew. "The Promise and Failure of King Amanullah's Modernisation Program in Afghanistan" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2018-03-29. Retrieved 21 January 2019.
  77. ^ Dixon, Jeffrey S.; Sarkees, Meredith Reid (2015-08-12). A Guide to Intra-state Wars: An Examination of Civil, Regional, and Intercommunal Wars, 1816–2014. CQ Press. pp. 475, 476. ISBN 9781506317984.
  78. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Olson, Robert (2013-12-18). The Emergence of Kurdish Nationalism and the Sheikh Said Rebellion, 1880–1925. University of Texas Press. p. 205. ISBN 9780292764125. 39. Tuncay, Tek-Parti, pp. 127–128 n., gives a list of eighteen rebellions as recorded in Türkiye Cumhuriyeti nde Ayaklanmalar (1924–1938), which is an official version of Turkish military history as written by the General Staff of the Turkish Armed Forces in 1972. Tuncay considers the Nestorian (Nasturi) rebellion of September 1924 not directly connected to the Kurdish rebellions. The following list is from Tuncay. (1) Nestorian (Nasturi) rebellion (12–28 September 1924); (2) Sheikh Said rebellion (13 February–31 May 1925); (3) Raçkotan and Raman pacifying operations (9–12 August 1925); (4) Sason (Sasun) rebellion (1925–1937); (5) First Ağri (Ararat) rebellion (16 May–17 June 1926) Koçuşaği rebellion (7 October–30 November 1927); (7) Mutki rebellion (26 May–25 August 1927); (8) Second Ağri (Ararat) rebellion (13–20 September 1927); (9) Bicar suppression (7 October–17 November 1927); (10) Asi Resul rebellion (22 May-3 August 1929); (11) Tendürük rebellion (14-27 September 1929); (12) Savur suppression (26 May-9 June 1930); (13) Zeylan rebellion (20 June-beginning of September 1930); (14) Aramar rebellion (16 July-10 October 1930); (15) Third Ağrı (Ararat) rebellion (7-14 November 1930); (16) Pülümür rebellion (8 October-14 November 1930); (17) Menemen rebellion (December 1930); (18) Tunceli (Dersim) suppression (1937-1938)
  79. ^ Boxberger, Linda (2012-02-01). On the Edge of Empire: Hadhramawt, Emigration, and the Indian Ocean, 1880s-1930s. SUNY Press. p. 232. ISBN 9780791489352.
  80. ^ "Baluchistan: A Repugnant Iranian Occupation | الإخبارية". www.alekhbariya.net. Retrieved 2020-04-06. Approximately three months after Arabistan, in 1928, the Iranian regime occupied Baluchistan after the defeat of Baluchi forces at the hands of the army of the founder of the Pahlavi line, Reza Shah Pahlavi.
  81. ^ Rehman, Zia (2014). "The Baluch insurgency: linking Iran to Pakistan" (PDF). files.ethz.ch. p. 1. In 1928 independent West Baluchistan (today the Sistan and Baluchistan Province of Iran) was forcibly annexed to Iran by Reza Shah Pahlavi
  82. ^ "BALUCHISTAN i. (cont.) – Encyclopaedia Iranica". www.iranicaonline.org. Retrieved 2020-04-06.
  83. ^ Salzman, Philip (2008). "Politics and Change among the Baluch in Iran" (PDF). But everything changed after Reza Shah’s military campaign in 1928-35 which brought Baluchistan under Persian control (Arfa 1964: Ch. 13). The tribes were “pacified” and forced to accept the suzerainty of the Shah. Consequently raiding was suppressed, and gradually the tribes were disarmed. Control was imposed over thehakomates, with vari-ous oasis forts knocked down by the Shah’s artillery.
  84. ^ Ritter, William S. (1990). "Revolt in the Mountains: Fuzail Maksum and the Occupation of Garm, Spring 1929". Journal of Contemporary History. 25 (4): 547–580. doi:10.1177/002200949002500408. ISSN 0022-0094. JSTOR 260761. S2CID 159486304.
  85. ^ - حركات التمرد ضد السلطان عبدالعزيز - كتاب مقاتل من الصحراء Archived 18 March 2017 at the Wayback Machine
  86. ^ Jump up to: a b "Wushe Incident - Encyclopedia of Taiwan". Archived from the original on 25 March 2014. Retrieved 23 November 2012.
  87. ^ Mekonnen, Yohannes K. (2013). Ethiopia: The Land, Its People, History and Culture. New Africa Press. pp. 302, 303. ISBN 978-9987-16-024-2.
  88. ^ Jowett, Philip (2013-11-20). China's Wars: Rousing the Dragon 1894-1949. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 189. ISBN 978-1-4728-0673-4.
  89. ^ Kapp, Robert A. (1971). "Provincial Independence vs. National Rule: A Case Study of Szechwan in the 1920's and 1930's". The Journal of Asian Studies. 30 (3): 535–549. doi:10.2307/2052459. ISSN 0021-9118. JSTOR 2052459.
  90. ^ Jump up to: a b Khan, Hafeez R. (1960). "Afghanistan and Pakistan". Pakistan Horizon. 13 (1): 55. ISSN 0030-980X. JSTOR 41392239. 1933: Siege of Matun, the capital of the Afghan province of Khost, by the Mohmands. 1937: Uprising of the Mohmands, the Shinwaris and the Sulayman Khel section of the Ghilzais. 1938: Abortive tribal movement under the Shami Pir to oust King Zahir Shah
  91. ^ Jump up to: a b Jalali, Ali (2002). "Rebuilding Afghanistan's National Army". ssi.armywarcollege.ed. Retrieved 10 September 2019. The situation enabled the army to successfully respond to simultaneous internal disturbances, including the Katawz rebellion in 1937-39, the Shinwari revolt of 1938, Alizai-Durani unrest in 1939, and the 1944-45 rebellion of the Safi tribe in eastern Kunar province.
  92. ^ "Before Taliban". publishing.cdlib.org. Retrieved 2019-08-16. his father helped to mediate three tribal uprisings—one among the Zadran tribe in Paktia Province, the Safi uprising in 1945 (about which Qazi Amin had little information), and an uprising among the Shinwari, which he believed occurred in the late 1930s or early 1940s.
  93. ^ "Before Taliban". publishing.cdlib.org. Retrieved 2019-08-16. Qazi Amin knew the most about the Shinwari upheaval, which he said centered around Shinwari leader Muhammad Afzal’s right to keep fifty militiamen whose salaries were paid by the government. Qazi Amin believed that Afzal was holding out for increased privileges from the government, and when he didn’t get his way, he attacked the local government base and set up his own government. Because his father had lived a long time in the Shinwari area, he was in a position to mediate between the government and Afzal, who eventually gave up his opposition.
  94. ^ Martin, Mike (2014). An Intimate War: An Oral History of the Helmand Conflict, 1978-2012. Oxford University Press. p. 27. ISBN 978-0190237912. The two monarchs from the dynasty, Nadir Shah and Zahir Shah, did not immediately learn from the lessons of Amanullah and faced a number of serious rebellions in their early years, such as in the winter of 1938/9. The government was carrying out a campaign for compulsory (male) education, which was used as a rallying cry by Alizai mullahs who said that female education would be next-a red line for the tribes of the south. what started as an Alizai disturbance quickly spread to the other tribes and there was a confrontation between the government and the tribesmen at Yakhchal, near Gereshk, which was eventually resolved when the government employed aircraft (bought from the British) against the tribesmen.
  95. ^ "Iran : the " liberation " of Arabistan". articles.abolkhaseb.net. Retrieved 2019-04-09. New revolts occurred in 1943 and 1945 and were quelled in blood.
  96. ^ Williams, Susan (2016-08-09). Spies in the Congo: America's Atomic Mission in World War II. PublicAffairs. ISBN 978-1-61039-654-7.


Retrieved from ""