Provincial Assembly (Nepal)

The Provincial Assembly (Nepali: प्रदेश सभा; Pradesh Sabha) is the unicameral legislative assembly for a federal province of Nepal.^[1]

According to Article 176 of the Constitution of Nepal 2015, following the dissolution of the provincial assembly all the members forming the Provincial Assembly are elected. The term for the Provincial Assembly is five years, except when dissolved earlier.

Candidates for each constituency are chosen by the political parties or stand as independents. Each constituency elects one member under the first past the post system of election. Since Nepal uses a parallel voting system, voters cast another ballot to elect members through the party-list proportional representation. The current constitution specifies that sixty percent of the members should be elected from the first past the post system and forty percent through the party-list proportional representation system. Women should account for one third of total members elected from each party and if one-third percentage are not elected, the party that fails to ensure so shall have to elect one-third of total number as women through the party-list proportional representation.^[2]

A party with an overall majority (more seats than all other parties combined) following an election forms the government. If a party has no outright majority, parties can seek to form coalitions.

The first provincial assembly elections in Nepal was held in two phase on 26 November 2017 and on 7 December 2017.^[3]

There are 550 provincial seats in all of 7 provinces of Nepal. In which 330 (60%) of Provincial seats will be elected through first past the post and 220 (40%) of seats will be elected through proportional representation.^[4]

List of provincial assemblies[]

Political parties of chief ministers as of November 2021.

Province	FPTP Seats	PR Seats	Total seats	Location	Governing party^[a]
Province No. 1	56	37	93	Biratnagar		Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Socialist)
Madhesh Province	64	43	107	Janakpur		People's Socialist Party, Nepal
Bagmati Province	66	44	110	Hetauda		Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Socialist)
Gandaki Province	36	24	60	Pokhara		Nepali Congress
Lumbini Province	52	35	87	Deukhuri		Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre)
Karnali Province	24	16	40	Birendranagar		Nepali Congress
Sudurpashchim Province	32	21	53	Godawari		Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre)
Total	330	220	550	-	-

Seat distribution[]

Few seats across provincial assemblies are vacant following the split in NCP, CPN (UML) and PSP-N, and are yet to be filled via by-elections.

Legislature	Seats
Legislature	CPN (UML)	NC	CPN (MC)	CPN (US)	PSP-N	LSP-N	RPP	BS	RJM	NMKP	NFSP	SLRM	Ind.	Total
Provincial Assembly of Province No. 1^[5]	41	21	15	10	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	1	0	93
Provincial Assembly of Madhesh Province^[6]	8	19	8	13	39	16	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	107
Provincial Assembly of Bagmati Province^[7]	43	22	23	13	1	0	2	3	0	2	0	0	0	110
Provincial Assembly of Gandaki Province^[8]	27	15	12	0	2	0	0	0	2	0	0	0	1	60
Provincial Assembly of Lumbini Province^[9]	37	19	19	1	4	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	1	87
Provincial Assembly of Karnali Province^[10]	13	6	12	3	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	40
Provincial Assembly of Sudurpashchim Province^[11]	11	12	13	14	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	53
Total	180	114	102	54	50	17	4	3	3	2	1	1	2	550

Province No. 1 Provincial Assembly[]

As per the Constituency Delimitation Commission report, Province No. 1 has 56 provincial seats under the FPTP (first-past-the-post) across 14 districts.^[12]

Districts	Constituencies
Taplejung District	2
Panchthar District	2
Ilam District	4
Jhapa District	10
Morang District	12
Sunsari District	8
Dhankuta District	2
Sankhuwasabha District	2
Bhojpur District	2
Tehrathum District	2
Okhaldhunga District	2
Khotang District	2
Solukhumbu District	2
Udayapur District	4

Madhesh Province Provincial Assembly[]

Each district of Madhesh province has 8 provincial assembly seats, totalling to 64 seats under FPTP.^[12]^: 7

Districts	Constituencies
Saptari District	8
Siraha District	8
Dhanusha District	8
Mahottari District	8
Sarlahi District	8
Rautahat District	8
Bara District	8
Parsa District	8

Bagmati Province Provincial Assembly[]

Bagmati has 66 provincial assembly seats under FPTP.

Districts	Constituencies
Sindhuli District	4
Ramechhap District	2
Dolakha District	2
Sindhupalchok District	4
Kavrepalanchok District	4
Lalitpur District	6
Bhaktapur District	4
Kathmandu District	20
Nuwakot District	4
Rasuwa District	2
Dhading District	4
Makwanpur District	4
Chitwan District	6

Gandaki Province Provincial Assembly[]

Gandaki has 36 provincial assembly seats under FPTP.

Districts	Constituencies
Gorkha District	4
Lamjung District	2
Tanahu District	4
Syangja District	4
Kaski District	6
Manang District	2
Mustang District	2
Parbat District	2
Myagdi District	2
Baglung District	4
Nawalpur District	4

Lumbini Province Provincial Assembly[]

Lumbini has 52 provincial assembly seats under FPTP.

Districts	Constituencies
Gulmi District	4
Palpa District	4
Rupandehi District	10
Arghakhanchi District	2
Kapilvastu District	6
Pyuthan District	2
Rolpa District	2
Dang District	6
Bardiya District	4
Banke District	6
Parasi District	4
Eastern Rukum District	2

Karnali Province Provincial Assembly[]

Karnali has 24 provincial assembly seats under FPTP.

Districts	Constituencies
Salyan District	2
Surkhet District	4
Dailekh District	4
Jajarkot District	2
Dolpa District	2
Humla District	2
Kalikot District	2
Mugu District	2
Jumla District	2
Western Rukum District	2

Sudurpashchim Province Provincial Assembly[]

Sudurpashchim has 32 provincial assembly seats under FPTP.

Districts	Constituencies
Bajura District	2
Bajhang District	2
Achham District	4
Doti District	2
Kailali District	10
Kanchanpur District	6
Dadeldhura District	2
Baitadi District	2
Darchula District	2

First provincial assembly election[]

The first provincial legislative assembly elections in Nepal were held on 26 November and 7 December 2017.

Notes[]

^ Party of the chief minister indicated, who may lead a complex coalition of multiple parties.

References[]

^ "CA approves ceremonial prez, bicameral legislature". Kanptipur Media Group. 16 September 2015. Retrieved 8 December 2017. Provincial parliaments will be unicameral. "The CA also approved a mixed electoral system for parliamentary election with 60 percent directly elected and 40 percent proportionally elected."
^ "NEPAL: Diluted proportional electoral system". scoop.co.nz. Scoop world. 16 October 2017. Retrieved 8 December 2017.
^ "Election programme announced for HoR and Provincial Assembly". corporatenepal.com. 12 September 2017. Retrieved 8 December 2017.
^ "Infra for provincial assemblies: Govt preparation far from satisfactory". Kantipur Media Group. 15 September 2017. Retrieved 8 December 2017. There will be 550 members in all seven provinces after the elections, with Province 3 having the highest number of members (110). Province 7 will have the lowest number of members of 53.
^ "प्रदेश सभा सदस्यहरु". प्रदेश सभा सचिवालय, प्रदेश नं.१, विराटनगर (in Nepali). Retrieved 2021-11-29.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
^ "संसदीय दलहरु". प्रदेश सभा सचिवालय, प्रदेश नं.२, जनकपुरधाम (in Nepali). Retrieved 2021-11-29.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
^ "प्रदेश सभाका सदस्य". प्रदेश सभा सचिवालय, बागमती प्रदेश, हेटौडा (in Nepali). Retrieved 2021-11-29.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
^ "प्रदेश सभा, गण्डकी प्रदेशमा प्रतिनिधित्व गर्ने राजनीतिक दलहरु". प्रदेश सभा सचिवालय, प्रदेश नं. ४, पोखरा (in Nepali). Retrieved 2021-11-29.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
^ "राजनीतिक दलहरु". प्रदेश सभा सचिवालय, लुम्बिनी प्रदेश, बुटवल (in Nepali). Retrieved 2021-11-29.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
^ "राजनीतिक दलहरु". प्रदेश सभा सचिवालय, कर्णाली प्रदेश, वीरेन्द्रनगर (in Nepali). Retrieved 2021-11-29.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
^ "माननीयहरुको विवरण". प्रदेश सभा सचिवालय, सुदूरपश्‍चिम प्रदेश, धनगढी (in Nepali). Retrieved 2021-11-29.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
^ ^a ^b "EDITORIAL: Important step". The Himalayan Times. 1 September 2017. Retrieved 5 September 2017.

External links[]

Constitution of Nepal, 2015 (2072)

[5] Party of the chief minister indicated, who may lead a complex coalition of multiple parties.

[1] "CA approves ceremonial prez, bicameral legislature". Kanptipur Media Group. 16 September 2015. Retrieved 8 December 2017. Provincial parliaments will be unicameral. "The CA also approved a mixed electoral system for parliamentary election with 60 percent directly elected and 40 percent proportionally elected."

[2] "NEPAL: Diluted proportional electoral system". scoop.co.nz. Scoop world. 16 October 2017. Retrieved 8 December 2017.

[3] "Election programme announced for HoR and Provincial Assembly". corporatenepal.com. 12 September 2017. Retrieved 8 December 2017.

[4] "Infra for provincial assemblies: Govt preparation far from satisfactory". Kantipur Media Group. 15 September 2017. Retrieved 8 December 2017. There will be 550 members in all seven provinces after the elections, with Province 3 having the highest number of members (110). Province 7 will have the lowest number of members of 53.

[6] "प्रदेश सभा सदस्यहरु". प्रदेश सभा सचिवालय, प्रदेश नं.१, विराटनगर (in Nepali). Retrieved 2021-11-29.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)

[7] "संसदीय दलहरु". प्रदेश सभा सचिवालय, प्रदेश नं.२, जनकपुरधाम (in Nepali). Retrieved 2021-11-29.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)

[8] "प्रदेश सभाका सदस्य". प्रदेश सभा सचिवालय, बागमती प्रदेश, हेटौडा (in Nepali). Retrieved 2021-11-29.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)

[9] "प्रदेश सभा, गण्डकी प्रदेशमा प्रतिनिधित्व गर्ने राजनीतिक दलहरु". प्रदेश सभा सचिवालय, प्रदेश नं. ४, पोखरा (in Nepali). Retrieved 2021-11-29.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)

[10] "राजनीतिक दलहरु". प्रदेश सभा सचिवालय, लुम्बिनी प्रदेश, बुटवल (in Nepali). Retrieved 2021-11-29.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)

[11] "राजनीतिक दलहरु". प्रदेश सभा सचिवालय, कर्णाली प्रदेश, वीरेन्द्रनगर (in Nepali). Retrieved 2021-11-29.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)

[12] "माननीयहरुको विवरण". प्रदेश सभा सचिवालय, सुदूरपश्‍चिम प्रदेश, धनगढी (in Nepali). Retrieved 2021-11-29.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)

[important_steps2-13] "EDITORIAL: Important step". The Himalayan Times. 1 September 2017. Retrieved 5 September 2017.

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[2]

[3]

[4]

[a]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

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v t Government of Nepal
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