Union Parish, Louisiana

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Not to be confused with Union, Louisiana in St. James Parish.
Union Parish, Louisiana
Parish
Parish of Union
Union Parish Courthouse in Farmerville
Union Parish Courthouse in Farmerville
Location within the U.S. state of Louisiana
Location within the U.S. state of Louisiana
Louisiana's location within the U.S.
Louisiana's location within the U.S.
Country United States
State Louisiana
RegionNorth Louisiana
FoundedMarch 13, 1839
Named forUnion of American states
Parish seat (and largest town)Farmerville
Area
 • Total2,340 km2 (905 sq mi)
 • Land2,270 km2 (877 sq mi)
 • Water70 km2 (28 sq mi)
 • percentage7.9 km2 (3.06 sq mi)
Population
 (2010)
 • Total22,721
 • Estimate 
(2018)
22,330
 • Density9.7/km2 (25/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC-6 (CST)
 • Summer (DST)UTC-5 (CDT)
Area code318
Congressional district4th
Lake D'Arbonne west of Farmerville.
Union General Hospital in Farmerville.

Union Parish (French: Paroisse de l'Union) is a parish located in the U.S. state of Louisiana. As of the 2010 census, the population was 22,721.[1] The parish seat is Farmerville.[2] The parish was created on March 13, 1839, from a section of Ouachita Parish. Its boundaries have changed four times since then (in 1845, 1846, 1867, and 1873, respectively).[3]

Union Parish is part of the Monroe, LA Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Union Parish/Union County monument[]

In 1931, a monument was erected at the Union Parish border with Union County, Arkansas, through the private efforts of former Arkansas Governor George Washington Donaghey (1856–1937).[4] He was born in Union Parish and grew up in the border area before moving with his family as a teenager to Conway, Arkansas. As governor of Arkansas, Donaghey oversaw the construction of the state capitol building in Little Rock and implemented founding of the state health unit and its agricultural colleges.

Having long felt a kinship to both states, after his gubernatorial tenure Donaghey commissioned a park on the border land and a monument. The monument is known for its intricate carvings and Art Deco style. It includes references to different modes of transportation in 1831 and 1931 and mentions Louisiana Governor Huey P. Long, Jr., whose educational program Donaghey admired. The land was not registered with the state parks offices in either state, timber companies cut trees thereabouts, and the monument was forgotten. In 1975, State Representative gained passage of a law to refurbish the monument. A completed restoration was unveiled in 2009.[4]

Geography[]

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the parish has a total area of 905 square miles (2,340 km2), of which 877 square miles (2,270 km2) is land and 28 square miles (73 km2) (3.1%) is water.[5]

Geographically north central Louisiana, Union Parish more closely resembles Lincoln Parish, to which Union is deeply tied culturally, politically, and educationally. Union Parish, along with Lincoln Parish to the southwest and Union County, Arkansas to the north, form the eastern boundary of the Ark-La-Tex region.

Major highways[]

Adjacent parishes and counties[]

National protected areas[]

Demographics[]

Historical population
Census Pop. %±
18401,838—
18508,203346.3%
186010,38926.6%
187011,68512.5%
188013,52615.8%
189017,30427.9%
190018,5207.0%
191020,45110.4%
192019,621−4.1%
193020,7315.7%
194020,9431.0%
195019,141−8.6%
196017,624−7.9%
197018,4474.7%
198021,16714.7%
199020,690−2.3%
200022,80310.2%
201022,721−0.4%
2018 (est.)22,330[6]−1.7%
U.S. Decennial Census[7]
1790-1960[8] 1900-1990[9]
1990-2000[10] 2010-2013[1]

As of the census[11] of 2000, there were 22,803 people, 8,857 households, and 6,412 families residing in the parish. The population density was 26 people per square mile (10/km2). There were 10,873 housing units at an average density of 12 per square mile (5/km2). The racial makeup of the parish was 69.79% White, 27.95% Black or African American, 0.19% Native American, 0.26% Asian, 0.05% Pacific Islander, 1.26% from other races, and 0.50% from two or more races. 2.02% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 8,857 households, out of which 31.30% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.30% were married couples living together, 13.70% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.60% were non-families. 24.90% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.00% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.52 and the average family size was 3.01.

In the parish the population was spread out, with 25.70% under the age of 18, 9.10% from 18 to 24, 26.50% from 25 to 44, 23.80% from 45 to 64, and 14.90% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females there were 94.50 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.90 males.

The median income for a household in the parish was $29,061, and median income of a family was $36,035. Males had a median income of $30,494 versus $21,070 for females. The per capita income for the parish was $14,819. About 14.30% of families and 18.60% of the population were below the poverty line, including 25.60% of those under age 18 and 17.70% of those age 65 or over.

Politics[]

Located in far northern Louisiana next to the Arkansas state line, Union Parish is heavily Republican in most competitive elections, particularly at the presidential level, last voting for a Democratic presidential nominee in 1952 when Adlai Stevenson received 52% of the vote. In the most recent election in 2020, incumbent President Donald Trump received 8,407 votes (75.1 percent) of the parish total to 2,654 (23.7 percent) for former Vice President Joe Biden.[12]

Presidential elections results

Education[]

Residents are assigned to Union Parish Public Schools.

Communities[]

Map of Union Parish, Louisiana With Municipal Labels

Towns[]

Villages[]

Unincorporated communities[]

Notable people[]

Two Louisiana governors came from the Shiloh Community in Union Parish:

Two Arkansas governors were natives of Union Parish:

Other Union Parish residents have included:

  • Lonnie O. Aulds (1925-1984), state representative from 1968 to 1972 from Shreveport, real estate developer, born in Union Parish[14]
  • George Washington Bolton (1841-1931), state representative from 1888 to 1896 from Alexandria; Speaker of the House from 1892 to 1896; businessman, banker, school board member, Southern Baptist layman in Alexandria, lived and educated in Union Parish in his father's private school prior to the American Civil War[15]
  • , state senator from 1916 to 1920, member of the Louisiana Public Service Commission from 1927 to 1936, briefly a law partner of Huey Pierce Long, Jr., in Shreveport.[16] His son, , served in the Louisiana House of Representatives from 1952 to 1964 and 1968 to 1972.
  • Jay McCallum - Chief Judge of the Louisiana 3rd Judicial District Court (elected in 2003); ran unopposed in 2014 for a term ending in 2020; state representative for Lincoln and Union parishes, 1992–2003; formerly practiced law in Farmerville after graduating from Louisiana State University School of Law in 1985[17]
  • (1920-1999), state senator for Lincoln and Union parishes, 1956 to 1964; worked on the establishment of Lake D'Arbonne at Farmerville
  • (1912-1987), businessman from Farmerville, ran unsuccessfully in the 1956 Democratic gubernatorial primary election; lost to Earl Kemp Long
  • , born in Union Parish in 1872, mayor of Farmerville c. 1900, mayor of Minden 1905–1906, state representative for Webster Parish 1908–1914, and state district judge 1920 to 1925[18]
  • James Peyton Smith (1925-2006), born in the Conway Community in Union Parish; state representative from Union and Morehouse parishes from 1964 to 1972; namesake of Louisiana Highway 33 bridge over Lake D'Arbonne in Farmerville[19]
  • , born in Marion in Union Parish, and educated as a child in the Shiloh Community at the former Concord Institute. He was mayor of Shreveport (1922–1930) and Speaker of the Louisiana House of Representative (1912–1916). Thomas also served by appointment in both the Heard and Pleasant administrations.[20]

See also[]

Sources[]

Many facts concerning events in early Union Parish history come from the conveyance, probate, and lawsuit records on file in the Union Parish courthouse, as well as records of the United States Land Offices available in the National Archives. Other sources include:

1) Williams, E. Russ, Jr., Spanish Poste d’Ouachita: The Ouachita Valley in Colonial Louisiana 1783–1804, and Early American Statehood, 1804–1820, Williams Genealogical Publications, Monroe, LA, 1995.

2) Williams, E. Russ, Jr., Encyclopedia of Individuals and Founding Families of the Ouachita Valley of Louisiana From 1785 to 1850: Organized into Family Groups with Miscellaneous Materials on Historical Events, Places, and Other Important Topics, Part Oe A – K, Williams Genealogical and Historical Publications, Monroe, LA, 1996.

3) Williams, E. Russ, Jr., Encyclopedia of Individuals and Founding Families of the Ouachita Valley of Louisiana From 1785 to 1850: Organized into Family Groups with Miscellaneous Materials on Historical Events, Places, and Other Important Topics, Part Two L – O, Williams Genealogical and Historical Publications, Monroe, LA, 1997.

4) Williams, Max Harrison, Union Parish (Louisiana) Historical Records: Police Jury Minutes, 1839–1846, D’Arbonne Research and Publishing Co., Farmerville, LA, 1993.

References[]

  1. ^ Jump up to: a b "State & County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved August 18, 2013.
  2. ^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Archived from the original on May 31, 2011. Retrieved 2011-06-07.
  3. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on March 29, 2015. Retrieved January 22, 2015.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  4. ^ Jump up to: a b "Matthew Hamil, "Monument Forgotten by Time"". , August 31, 2009. Archived from the original on September 3, 2009. Retrieved August 31, 2009.
  5. ^ "2010 Census Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. August 22, 2012. Archived from the original on September 28, 2013. Retrieved September 2, 2014.
  6. ^ "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". Retrieved October 27, 2019.
  7. ^ "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved September 2, 2014.
  8. ^ "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved September 2, 2014.
  9. ^ "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved September 2, 2014.
  10. ^ "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. Retrieved September 2, 2014.
  11. ^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
  12. ^ "Louisiana Secretary of State". voterportal.sos.la.gov. Retrieved 2021-07-11.
  13. ^ Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved 2018-03-07.
  14. ^ "Membership of the Louisiana House of Representatives, 1812-2012" (PDF). legis.la.gov. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 4, 2013. Retrieved July 8, 2013.
  15. ^ "Bolton, George Washington". : A Dictionary of Louisiana Biography. Archived from the original on April 13, 2014. Retrieved April 9, 2014.
  16. ^ "Harvey Goodwyn Fields, Sr". findagrave.com. Retrieved October 24, 2014.
  17. ^ "Louisiana: McCallum, Jay Bowen", Who's Who in American Politics, 2003-2004, 19th ed., Vol. 1 (Alabama-Montana) (Marquis Who's Who: New Providence, NJ, 2003), p. 787
  18. ^ , "Robert Roberts, Jr.", A History of Louisiana, Vol. 2 (Chicago and New York City, American Historical Society, Inc., 1925), pp. 21-22
  19. ^ "Greg Hilburn, State honors the late Rep. Smith with bridge renaming, September 12, 2013". . Archived from the original on May 14, 2014. Retrieved September 13, 2013.
  20. ^ "Thomas, Lee Emmett". , A Directory of Louisiana Biography (lahistory.org). Archived from the original on September 23, 2010. Retrieved December 29, 2010.

Coordinates: 32°50′N 92°23′W / 32.83°N 92.38°W / 32.83; -92.38

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