Bullock County, Alabama

Bullock County
U.S. county
Bullock County courthouse in Union Springs
Location within the U.S. state of Alabama
Alabama's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 32°05′52″N 85°43′02″W / 32.097777777778°N 85.717222222222°W / 32.097777777778; -85.717222222222
Country	United States
State	Alabama
Founded	December 5 (created), 1866
Named for	Edward Bullock
Seat	Union Springs
Largest city	Union Springs
Area
• Total	625 sq mi (1,620 km2)
• Land	623 sq mi (1,610 km2)
• Water	2.3 sq mi (6 km2)  0.4%
Population  (2020)
• Total	10,357
• Density	17/sq mi (6.4/km2)
Time zone	UTC−6 (Central)
• Summer (DST)	UTC−5 (CDT)
Congressional district	2nd
Website	bullockcountyalrev.com
County Number 09 on Alabama Licence Plates

Bullock County is a county of the U.S. state of Alabama. As of the 2020 United States Census, the population was 10,357.^[1] Union Springs was chosen as the county seat in 1867, and presently is the county's only incorporated city.^[2] The county was named for Confederate Army Colonel Edward C. Bullock who was a state senator and outspoken secessionist who died during the American Civil War.^[3]

A National Center for Education Statistics report released in January 2009 showed that Bullock County had the highest illiteracy rate in Alabama at 34 percent.^[4]

History[]

Bullock County was established by act of the state legislature dated December 5, 1866, with areas partitioned from Macon, Pike, Montgomery, and Barbour counties.^[5] The boundaries were changed in February 1867.

Prior to the arrival of white settlers, the future Bullock County was inhabited by Creek Indians. The Treaty of Fort Jackson (1814) ceded much of Alabama and Georgia to the US government, and the Creeks were removed completely after 1830. From 1818 through the 1830s, white settlers poured into the area, turning the rich soil into cotton-producing plantations and the area into one of the state's richest.

Bullock County was devastated by the Civil War. Its once-enslaved population (about seventy percent of the total population) had sustained its output, but their emancipation caused a sharp decline in the economy. In the aftermath, Bullock County elected two former slaves to the state legislature, but with end of Reconstruction, the black population were severely restricted and kept down.^[5]

By 1877 the boll weevil had migrated into Bullock County cotton fields from Mexico, and the area's economy was further depressed. A significant portion of the once-cotton-producing area was converted to a site of the Amateur Field Trial competition for bird dogs and a game preserve.^[5]

Geography[]

Prior to white settlement, the future Bullock County terrain was completely wooded. It still bears a significant coverage of trees,^[6] with the remainder having been cleared for agricultural or urban usage.^[7] A range of hills, called Chunnenugga Ridge, bisects the county running east to west. It forms the watershed for the Tallapoosa River on the north, and streams on the south that flow to the Gulf of Mexico, including the Conecuh River, which flows through the extreme west end of Florida to reach the Gulf. The highest point on this ridge (approximately 670 feet/201 meters ASL) lies about 3 miles (4.8 km) west of Sehoy Lake.^[8]

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 625 square miles (1,620 km²), of which 623 square miles (1,610 km²) is land and 2.3 square miles (6.0 km²) (0.4%) is water.^[9]

Adjacent counties[]

Major highways[]

Airport[]

• Franklin Field - county-owned public-use airport, 5.2 miles/8.4 km WNW from Union Springs.^[10][11]

Communities[]

City[]

• Union Springs (county seat)

Town[]

• Midway

Census-designated place[]

• Fitzpatrick

Unincorporated communities[]

Ghost town[]

• Suspension

Demographics[]

Historical population
Census	Pop.		%±
1870	24,474		—
1880	29,066		18.8%
1890	27,063		−6.9%
1900	31,944		18.0%
1910	30,196		−5.5%
1920	25,333		−16.1%
1930	20,016		−21.0%
1940	19,810		−1.0%
1950	16,054		−19.0%
1960	13,462		−16.1%
1970	11,824		−12.2%
1980	10,596		−10.4%
1990	11,042		4.2%
2000	11,714		6.1%
2010	10,914		−6.8%
2020	10,357		−5.1%
US Decennial Census[12] 1790–1960[13] 1900–1990[14] 1990–2000[15] 2010–2020[1]

2010 census[]

As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 10,914 people in the county. 70.2% were Black or African American, 23.0% White, 0.4% Pacific Islander, 0.2% Native American, 0.2% Asian, 5.2% of some other race and 0.8% of two or more races. 7.1% were Hispanic or Latino (of any race).^[16]

2000 census[]

As of the 2000 United States Census,^[17] there were 11,714 people, 3,986 households, and 2,730 families in the county. The population density was 19 people per square mile (7/km²). There were 4,727 housing units at an average density of 8 per square mile (3/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 73.11% Black or African American, 25.25% White, 0.38% Native American, 0.18% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.37% from other races, and 0.70% from two or more races. 2.75% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 3,986 households, out of which 33.50% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 35.50% were married couples living together, 28.20% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.50% were non-families. 28.90% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.30% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.56 and the average family size was 3.13.

The county population contained 26.10% under the age of 18, 10.30% from 18 to 24, 29.30% from 25 to 44, 21.20% from 45 to 64, and 13.20% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females there were 110.20 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 113.40 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $20,605, and the median income for a family was $23,990. Males had a median income of $22,560 versus $19,069 for females. The per capita income for the county was $10,163. About 29.80% of families and 33.50% of the population were below the poverty line, including 44.70% of those under age 18 and 29.10% of those age 65 or over.

Government and infrastructure[]

Bullock County is powerfully Democratic. The only Republican to carry the county since 1888 has been Barry Goldwater in 1964 – when essentially none of the county's black majority had voted for over seven decades and opposition by the voting white minority to the civil rights movement meant that national Democrat Lyndon Johnson was not allowed on the ballot. Even after the Voting Rights Act of 1965, black registration was so slow that segregationist Governor George Wallace carried the county by five percentage points in 1968, but since then, the Democratic presidential candidate has carried Bullock in every election. It was one of only six Wallace counties^[a] to vote for George McGovern against Richard Nixon's 3,000-plus-county landslide of 1972.

Alabama Department of Corrections operates the Bullock Correctional Facility in an unincorporated area in the county.^[19][20]

Climate[]

Bullock County Climate chart (explanation) J F M A M J J A S O N D     116     12 3     242     14 4     158     21 8     156     23 12     101     26 16     121     26 19     204     27 21     127     26 20     92     25 18     45     22 12     55     18 7     183     13 5 Average max. and min. temperatures in °C Precipitation totals in mm Source: [21] showImperial conversion J F M A M J J A S O N D     4.6     54 37     9.5     57 39     6.2     70 46     6.1     73 54     4     79 61     4.8     79 66     8     81 70     5     79 68     3.6     77 64     1.8     72 54     2.2     64 45     7.2     55 41 Average max. and min. temperatures in °F Precipitation totals in inches

See also[]

• National Register of Historic Places listings in Bullock County, Alabama
• Properties on the Alabama Register of Landmarks and Heritage in Bullock County, Alabama

References[]

Notes[]

External links[]

• Barbour / Bullock County Drug Task Force Webpage
• Alabama State Archives
• Markers from Alabama State Archives
• Owen, Thomas McAdory. History of Alabama and Dictionary of Alabama Biography. Chicago: S.J. Clarke Publishing Co., 1921.

Coordinates: 32°05′52″N 85°43′02″W / 32.09778°N 85.71722°W / 32.09778; -85.71722