Receptor (ligands )
GlyR
Agonists: β-Alanine
β-ABA (BABA)
Caesium
D -Alanine
D -Serine
GABA
Glycine
Hypotaurine
Ivermectin
L -Alanine
L -Proline
L -Serine
L -Threonine
Milacemide
Picolinic acid
Propofol
Quisqualamine
Sarcosine
Taurine
Positive modulators: Alcohols (e.g., , chlorobutanol (chloretone) , ethanol (alcohol) , tert -butanol (2M2P) , tribromoethanol , trichloroethanol , trifluoroethanol )
Alkylbenzene sulfonate
Anandamide
Barbiturates (e.g., pentobarbital , sodium thiopental )
Chlormethiazole
Dihydropyridines (e.g., nicardipine )
Etomidate
Ginseng constituents (e.g., ginsenosides (e.g., ))
Glutamic acid (glutamate)
Ivermectin
Ketamine
Neuroactive steroids (e.g., alfaxolone , pregnenolone (eltanolone) , pregnenolone acetate , minaxolone , ORG-20599 )
Nitrous oxide
Penicillin G
Propofol
Tamoxifen
Tetrahydrocannabinol
Triclofos
(e.g., atropine , bemesetron , cocaine , , tropisetron , zatosetron )
Volatiles /gases (e.g., chloral hydrate , chloroform , desflurane , diethyl ether (ether) , enflurane , halothane , isoflurane , methoxyflurane , sevoflurane , toluene , trichloroethane (methyl chloroform) , trichloroethylene )
Xenon
Zinc
Antagonists:
Bicuculline
Brucine
Cacotheline
Caffeine
Colchicine
Colubrine
Dendrobine
Endocannabinoids (e.g., 2-AG , anandamide (AEA) )
Gaboxadol (THIP)
Gelsemine
Isobutyric acid
Isonipecotic acid
Laudanosine
Nipecotic acid
Pitrazepin
Quinolines (e.g., , , , , , )
Sinomenine
Strychnine
Thiocolchicoside
Tutin
Negative modulators: Amiloride
Benzodiazepines (e.g., bromazepam , clonazepam , diazepam , flunitrazepam , flurazepam )
Daidzein
Dihydropyridines (e.g., nicardipine , nifedipine , nitrendipine )
Furosemide
Genistein
Ginkgo constituents (e.g., bilobalide , ginkgolides (e.g., , ginkgolide B , , , ))
Imipramine
NBQX
Neuroactive steroids (e.g., , , deoxycorticosterone , DHEA sulfate , pregnenolone sulfate , progesterone )
Opioids (e.g., codeine , dextromethorphan , dextrorphan , levomethadone , levorphanol , morphine , oripavine , pethidine , thebaine )
Picrotoxin (i.e., picrotin and picrotoxinin )
Riluzole
(e.g., bemesetron , , tropisetron , zatosetron )
Verapamil
Zinc
NMDAR
Transporter (blockers )
See also
Receptor/signaling modulators
GABA receptor modulators
GABAA receptor positive modulators
Ionotropic glutamate receptor modulators
AMPAR
Antagonists:
Becampanel
Caroverine
CNQX
Dasolampanel
DNQX
Fanapanel (MPQX)
Kaitocephalin
Kynurenic acid
Kynurenine
Licostinel (ACEA-1021)
NBQX
Selurampanel
Tezampanel
Theanine
Topiramate
Zonampanel ; Negative allosteric modulators: Barbiturates (e.g., pentobarbital , sodium thiopental )
Cyclopropane
Enflurane
Ethanol (alcohol)
Evans blue
GYKI-52466
Halothane
Irampanel
Isoflurane
Perampanel
Pregnenolone sulfate
Sevoflurane
Talampanel ; Unknown/unsorted antagonists: Minocycline
KAR
Agonists: Main site agonists:
5-Iodowillardiine
AMPA
Domoic acid
Glutamate
Ibotenic acid
Kainic acid
Proline
Quisqualic acid
; Positive allosteric modulators: Cyclothiazide
Diazoxide
Enflurane
Halothane
Isoflurane
Antagonists:
CNQX
Dasolampanel
DNQX
Kaitocephalin
Kynurenic acid
Licostinel (ACEA-1021)
NBQX
NS102
Selurampanel
Tezampanel
Theanine
Topiramate
UBP-302 ; Negative allosteric modulators: Barbiturates (e.g., pentobarbital , sodium thiopental )
Enflurane
Ethanol (alcohol)
Evans blue
Pregnenolone sulfate
NMDAR
See also: Receptor/signaling modulators
Metabotropic glutamate receptor modulators
Glutamate metabolism/transport modulators
Monoamine reuptake inhibitors
DAT (DRIs )
NET (NRIs )
Selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors: Amedalin
Alseroxylon
Ciclazindol
Daledalin
Edivoxetine
Esreboxetine
Lortalamine
Mazindol
Nisoxetine
Reboxetine
Talopram
Talsupram
Tandamine
Teniloxazine
Viloxazine
Norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitors: Amineptine
Bupropion
Fencamine
Fencamfamin
Hydroxybupropion
Lefetamine
Levophacetoperane
LR-5182
Manifaxine
Methylphenidate
Nomifensine
O-2172
Radafaxine
Serdexmethylphenidate
Solriamfetol
Serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors: Atomoxetine (tomoxetine)
CP-39,332
Desvenlafaxine
Duloxetine
Eclanamine
Levomilnacipran
McN5652
Milnacipran
N-Methyl-PPPA
PPPA
Tofenacin
Venlafaxine
Serotonin–norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitors: 3,3-Diphenylcyclobutanamine
Amifitadine
Ansofaxine
Bicifadine
Brasofensine
Centanafadine
Cocaine
Dasotraline
Desmethylsertraline
Desmethylsibutramine (BTS-54354)
Diclofensine
DOV-102677
DOV-216303
EXP-561
Fezolamine
HDMP-28
Indatraline
JNJ-7925476
JZ-IV-10
Liafensine
Mazindol
Naphyrone
Nefazodone
Nefopam
NS-2359
Perafensine
PRC200
Pridefine
Sibutramine
Tedatioxetine
Tesofensine
Tropanes (e.g., cocaine )
Tricyclic antidepressants: Amitriptyline
Butriptyline
Cianopramine
Clomipramine
Desipramine
Dosulepin (dothiepin)
Doxepin
Imipramine
Lofepramine
Melitracen
Nortriptyline
Protriptyline
Trimipramine
Tetracyclic antidepressants: Amoxapine
Maprotiline
Mianserin
Oxaprotiline
Setiptiline
Others: Antihistamines (e.g., brompheniramine , chlorphenamine , pheniramine , tripelennamine )
Antipsychotics (e.g., loxapine , ziprasidone )
Arylcyclohexylamines (e.g., ketamine , phencyclidine )
Dopexamine
Ephenidine
Ginkgo biloba
Indeloxazine
Nefazodone
Opioids (e.g., desmetramadol , methadone , pethidine (meperidine) , tapentadol , tramadol , levorphanol )
SERT (SRIs )
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors: 6-Nitroquipazine
Alaproclate
Cericlamine
Citalopram
Dapoxetine
Desmethylcitalopram
Didesmethylcitalopram
Escitalopram
Femoxetine
Fluoxetine
Fluvoxamine
Indalpine
Ifoxetine
Norfluoxetine
Omiloxetine
Panuramine
Paroxetine
PIM-35
Pirandamine
RTI-353
Seproxetine
Sertraline
Zimelidine
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and serotonin receptor modulators: Etoperidone
Litoxetine
Lubazodone
LY-393558
Quipazine
SB-649915
TGBA01AD
Trazodone
Vilazodone
Vortioxetine
Serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors: Atomoxetine (tomoxetine)
Bicifadine
Desvenlafaxine
Duloxetine
Eclanamine
Levomilnacipran
McN5652
Milnacipran
N-Methyl-PPPA
PPPA
Tofenacin
Venlafaxine
Serotonin–norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitors: 3,3-Diphenylcyclobutanamine
Amifitadine
Ansofaxine
Bicifadine
Brasofensine
Centanafadine
Cocaine
Dasotraline
Desmethylsertraline
Desmethylsibutramine (BTS-54354)
Diclofensine
DOV-102677
DOV-216303
EXP-561
Fezolamine
HDMP-28
Indatraline
JNJ-7925476
JZ-IV-10
Liafensine
Mazindol
Naphyrone
Nefazodone
Nefopam
NS-2359
Perafensine
PRC200
Pridefine
Sibutramine
Tedatioxetine
Tesofensine
Tropanes (e.g., cocaine )
Tricyclic antidepressants: Amitriptyline
Cianopramine
Clomipramine
Cyanodothiepin
Desipramine
Dosulepin (dothiepin)
Doxepin
Imipramine
Lofepramine
Nortriptyline
Pipofezine
Protriptyline
Others:
Amoxapine
Antihistamines (e.g., brompheniramine , chlorphenamine , dimenhydrinate , diphenhydramine , mepyramine (pyrilamine) , pheniramine , tripelennamine )
Antipsychotics (e.g., loxapine , ziprasidone )
Arylcyclohexylamines (e.g., 3-MeO-PCP , esketamine , ketamine , methoxetamine , phencyclidine )
Cyclobenzaprine
Delucemine
Dextromethorphan
Dextrorphan
Efavirenz
Hypidone
Medifoxamine
Mesembrine
Mifepristone
MIN-117 (WF-516)
N-Me-5-HT
Opioids (e.g., dextropropoxyphene , methadone , pethidine (meperidine) , levorphanol , tapentadol , tramadol )
Roxindole
VMATs
Amiodarone
Amphetamines (e.g., amphetamine , methamphetamine , MDMA )
Bietaserpine
Deserpidine
Deutetrabenazine
Dihydrotetrabenazine
Efavirenz
GBR-12935
Ibogaine
Ketanserin
Lobeline
Reserpine
Rose bengal
Tetrabenazine
Valbenazine
Vanoxerine (GBR-12909)
Others
DAT modulators: Agonist-like: SoRI-9804
; Antagonist-like: SoRI-20041
See also: Receptor/signaling modulators • Monoamine releasing agents • Adrenergics • Dopaminergics • Serotonergics • Monoamine metabolism modulators • Monoamine neurotoxins
nAChRs
Agonists (and PAMs )
5-HIAA
6-Chloronicotine
A-84,543
A-366,833
ABT-202
ABT-418
Acetylcholine
Altinicline
Anabasine
Anatabine
Anatoxin-a
AR-R17779
Bephenium hydroxynaphthoate
Butinoline
Butyrylcholine
Carbachol
Choline
Cotinine
Cytisine
Decamethonium
Desformylflustrabromine
Dianicline
Dimethylphenylpiperazinium
Epibatidine
Epiboxidine
Ethanol (alcohol)
EVP-6124
Galantamine
GTS-21
Ispronicline
Ivermectin
JNJ-39393406
Levamisole
Lobeline
Morantel
Nicotine (tobacco )
PHA-543,613
PNU-120,596
PNU-282,987
Pozanicline
Pyrantel
Rivanicline
RJR-2429
Sazetidine A
SB-206553
SIB-1508Y
SIB-1553A
SSR-180,711
Suxamethonium (succinylcholine)
Suxethonium (succinyldicholine)
TC-1698
TC-1827
TC-2216
TC-5214
TC-5619
Tebanicline
Tribendimidine
Tropisetron
UB-165
Varenicline
WAY-317,538
Antagonists (and NAMs )
18-MAC
18-MC
α-Neurotoxins (e.g., α-bungarotoxin , α-cobratoxin , α-conotoxin , many others)
Alcuronium
Allopregnanolone
Amantadine
Atracurium
Barbiturates (e.g., pentobarbital , sodium thiopental )
BNC-210
Bungarotoxins (e.g., α-bungarotoxin , κ-bungarotoxin )
Bupropion
BW284C51
BW-A444
Candocuronium iodide (chandonium iodide)
Chlorisondamine
Cisatracurium
Coclaurine
Coronaridine
Curare
Cyclopropane
Dacuronium bromide
Decamethonium
Dehydronorketamine
Desflurane
Dextromethorphan
Dextropropoxyphene
Dextrorphan
Dihydrochandonium
Dimethyltubocurarine (metocurine)
Dioscorine
Dipyrandium
Dizocilpine (MK-801)
Doxacurium
Encenicline
Enflurane
Erythravine
Esketamine
Fazadinium
Gallamine
Gantacurium chloride
Halothane
Hexafluronium
Hexamethonium (benzohexonium)
Hydroxybupropion
Hydroxynorketamine
Ibogaine
Isoflurane
Ketamine
Kynurenic acid
Laudanosine
Laudexium (laudolissin)
Levacetylmethadol
Levomethadone
Malouetine
ME-18-MC
Mecamylamine
Memantine
Methadone
Methorphan (racemethorphan)
Methyllycaconitine
Metocurine
Mivacurium
Morphanol (racemorphan)
Neramexane
Nitrous oxide
Norketamine
Pancuronium bromide
Pempidine
Pentamine
Pentolinium
Phencyclidine
Pipecuronium bromide
Progesterone
Promegestone
Radafaxine
Rapacuronium bromide
Reboxetine
Rocuronium bromide
Sevoflurane
Stercuronium iodide
Surugatoxin
Thiocolchicoside
Toxiferine
Tramadol
Trimetaphan camsilate (trimethaphan camsylate)
Tubocurarine
Vanoxerine
Vecuronium bromide
Xenon
Precursors (and prodrugs )
Acetyl-coA
Adafenoxate
Choline (lecithin )
Citicoline
Cyprodenate
Dimethylethanolamine
Glycerophosphocholine
Meclofenoxate (centrophenoxine)
Phosphatidylcholine
Phosphatidylethanolamine
Phosphorylcholine
Pirisudanol
See also: Receptor/signaling modulators • Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor modulators • Acetylcholine metabolism/transport modulators
MOR DOR KOR NOP
Antagonists:
AT-076
BTRX-246040 (LY-2940094)
J-113,397
JTC-801
SB-612,111
Thienorphine
Unsorted
β-Casomorphins
Amidorphin
Cytochrophin-4
Gliadorphin (gluteomorphin)
Gluten exorphins
Hemorphins
Kava constituents
NEM
Neoendorphins
Nepetalactone (catnip )
Rubiscolins
Others
Enkephalinase inhibitors : Amastatin
Candoxatril
D -Phenylalanine
Ecadotril (sinorphan)
Kelatorphan
Racecadotril (acetorphan)
RB-101
RB-120
RB-3007
Selank
Semax
Spinorphin
Thiorphan
Tynorphin
Ubenimex (bestatin)
Propeptides: β-Lipotropin (proendorphin)
Prodynorphin
Proenkephalin
Proopiomelanocortin (POMC)
Others: Kyotorphin (met-enkephalin releaser/degradation stabilizer)