RTI-274
2β-([3,4-Methylenedioxy)phenoxy]methyl)-3α-(4-fluorophenyl)nortropane
Formula C 21 H 22 F N O 3 Molar mass 355.409 g·mol−1 3D model (JSmol )
c4cc1OCOc1cc4OCC2C(c3ccc(F)cc3)CC5NC2CC5
RTI(-4229 )-274 , or 2β-((3,4-Methylenedioxyphenoxy)methyl)-3α-(4-fluorophenyl)nortropane is a phenyltropane homologue of paroxetine developed by the group led by F Ivy Carroll in the 1990s.[1]
Introduction [ ]
Very few esters of phenyltropanes are actually known to have been reported.
NS2330 and NS2359 both have α,β stereochemistry.
NS2214 appears to have been abandoned now, RTI-336 was their latest compound.
RTI decided that they wanted to make all 8 stereoisomers of the phenyltropane paroxetine homolog.[1]
MAT IC50 (nM) Nor/tropane-Paroxetine Hybrids
Compound
[3 H]CFT
[3 H]Paroxetine
[3 H]Nisoxetine
Paroxetine
? → 623
? → 0.28
? → 535
R
"β,β"
308 → 835
294 → 480
5,300 → 37,400
α,β
172 → 142
52.9 → 90
26,600 → 2,500
β,α
3.01 → 3.86
422 → 5.62
123 → 14.4
S
"β,β"
1,050 → 1,210
88.1 → 424
27,600 → 17,300
α,β
1,500 → 27.6
447→ 55.8
2,916 → 1,690
β,α
298 → 407
178 → 19
12,400 → 1,990
N -demethylating the S -α,β (1S,2S,3R) isomer resulted in a 54-fold increase in DAT IC50 .
In the case of nocaine it is understood that the SR enantiomer is the one that should be demethylated if it is wanted to improve DAT affinity.
That is the same enantiomer that is used in the production of paroxetine.
Skeletal rearrangement [ ]
Four years later some unrelated authors cited a skeletal rearrangement accounts for this.[2] Diagram [dead link ]
Notice that they are not only interested in ethers, but nitrogen containing Nu's ("")[3]
The metal is called "Technetium " and is bound by a chelating agent.
The authors state that at first the acid is halogenated, the amide is prepared, and reduced.
Erratum [ ]
(a) (1) 1-chloroethyl chloroformate, 1,2-dichloroethane, reflux; (2) MeOH reflux; (b) p -toluenesulfonyl chloride,
triethylamine; (c) LiAlH4 , THF, rt; (d) trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride, pyridine, CH2 Cl2 ; (e) Na, sesamol, THF; (f) 5% Na/Hg amalgam, Na2 HPO4 , MeOH.
MAT IC50 (Ki ) N -Methyl → De-methyl
Compound
[3 H]CFT
[3 H]Nisoxetine
[3 H]paroxetine
R -β,β
? → 3
? → 2 (0.2)
? → 6 (4)
S -β,β
? → ?
? → ? (?)
? → ? (?)
R -"nonane"
308 → 835
294 (27) → 480 (44)
5,300 (3200) → 37,400 (22,500)
S -"nonane"
1050 → 1210
88 (8) → 424 (39)
27,600 (16,600) → 17,300 (10,400)
To solve the problem of the unexpected aza-bicyclo[3.2.2]nonane rearrangement product, the original synthesis had to be modified as follows;[4] WIN 35428 was N-demethylated and then the NH amine was reacted with a suitable protecting group so that N is no longer nucleophilic . In their case they used a tosyl.[3]
See also [ ]
References [ ]
^ a b Keverline-Frantz KI, Boja JW, Kuhar MJ, Abraham P, Burgess JP, Lewin AH, Carroll FI (January 1998). "Synthesis and ligand binding of tropane ring analogues of paroxetine". Journal of Medicinal Chemistry . 41 (2): 247–57. doi :10.1021/jm970669p . PMID 9457247 .
^ Ogier L, Turpin F, Baldwin RM, Riché F, Law H, Innis RB, Tamagnan G (May 2002). "Rearrangement of a mesylate tropane intermediate in nucleophilic substitution reactions. Synthesis of aza-bicyclo[3.2.1]octane and aza-bicyclo[3.2.2]nonane ethers, imides, and amines". The Journal of Organic Chemistry . 67 (11): 3637–42. doi :10.1021/jo010973x . PMID 12027674 .
^ a b Singh S (March 2000). "Chemistry, design, and structure-activity relationship of cocaine antagonists". Chemical Reviews . 100 (3): 925–1024. doi :10.1021/cr9700538 . PMID 11749256 . S2CID 36764655 .
^ Runyon SP, Burgess JP, Abraham P, Keverline-Frantz KI, Flippen-Anderson J, Deschamps J, et al. (April 2005). "Synthesis, structural identification, and ligand binding of tropane ring analogs of paroxetine and an unexpected aza-bicyclo[3.2.2]nonane rearrangement product". Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry . 13 (7): 2439–49. doi :10.1016/j.bmc.2005.01.046 . PMID 15755646 .
Phenyltropanes (classifications )
2-Carboxymethyl Esters
Troparil
WIN 35428
RTI-31
RTI-32
RTI-51
RTI-55
RTI-83
(3,4-Disubstituted Phenyl)-tropanes
Dichloropane
RTI-112
RTI-353
Arylcarboxy Carboxyalkyl Acyl β,α Stereochemistry α,β Stereochemistry
Brasofensine
Tesofensine
NS2359
Heterocycles: 3-Substituted-isoxazol-5-yl Heterocycles: 3-Substituted-1,2,4-oxadiazole N-alkyl N-replaced (S,O,C) Irreversible Nortropanes (N-demethylated)
Stimulants
Adamantanes
Adapromine
Amantadine
Bromantane
Memantine
Rimantadine
Adenosine antagonists Alkylamines
Cyclopentamine
Cypenamine
Cyprodenate
Heptaminol
Isometheptene
Levopropylhexedrine
Methylhexaneamine
Octodrine
Propylhexedrine
Tuaminoheptane
Ampakines Arylcyclohexylamines Benzazepines
6-Br-APB
SKF-77434
SKF-81297
SKF-82958
Cathinones Cholinergics Convulsants Eugeroics Oxazolines Phenethylamines Phenylmorpholines Piperazines
2C-B-BZP
3C-PEP
BZP
CM156
DBL-583
GBR-12783
GBR-12935
GBR-13069
GBR-13098
GBR-13119
MeOPP
MBZP
oMPP
Vanoxerine
Piperidines
1-Benzyl-4-(2-(diphenylmethoxy)ethyl)piperidine
2-Benzylpiperidine
2-Methyl-3-phenylpiperidine
3,4-Dichloromethylphenidate
4-Benzylpiperidine
4-Fluoromethylphenidate
4-Methylmethylphenidate
Desoxypipradrol
Difemetorex
Diphenylpyraline
Ethylnaphthidate
Ethylphenidate
Methylnaphthidate
Isopropylphenidate
JZ-IV-10
Methylphenidate (Dexmethylphenidate )
Nocaine
Phacetoperane
Pipradrol
Propylphenidate
SCH-5472
Pyrrolidines Racetams
Oxiracetam
Phenylpiracetam
Phenylpiracetam hydrazide
Tropanes Tryptamines Others ATC code : N06B
D1 -like
Agonists
Ergolines : Cabergoline
CY-208,243
Dihydroergocryptine
Lisuride
Pergolide
Terguride
Phenethylamines :
Deoxyepinephrine (N-methyldopamine, epinine)
Dopexamine
Etilevodopa
Ibopamine
L -DOPA (levodopa)
Melevodopa
L -Phenylalanine
L -Tyrosine
Others : A-68930
Apomorphine
Nuciferine
PF-6649751
Propylnorapomorphine
Rotigotine
SKF-89,145
Stepholidine
Tavapadon
Tetrahydropalmatine
PAMs Antagonists
Typical antipsychotics : Butaclamol
Chlorpromazine
Chlorprothixene
Flupentixol (flupenthixol) (+melitracen )
Fluphenazine
Loxapine
Perphenazine (+amitriptyline )
Thioridazine
Thiothixene
Trifluoperazine (+tranylcypromine )
Zuclopenthixol
Atypical antipsychotics : Asenapine
Clorotepine
Clotiapine
Clozapine
DHA-clozapine
Fluperlapine
Iloperidone
Norclozapine
Olanzapine (+fluoxetine )
Paliperidone
Quetiapine
Risperidone
Zicronapine
Ziprasidone
Zotepine
Others :
Ecopipam
EEDQ
Metitepine (methiothepin)
Perlapine
SCH-23390
D2 -like
Agonists
Adamantanes : Amantadine
Memantine
Rimantadine
Aminotetralins : 5-OH-DPAT
7-OH-DPAT
8-OH-PBZI
Rotigotine
UH-232
Ergolines : Bromocriptine
Cabergoline
Chanoclavine
Dihydroergocryptine
Epicriptine
Ergocornine
Lergotrile
Lisuride
LSD
Pergolide
Terguride
Phenethylamines : Deoxyepinephrine (N-methyldopamine, epinine)
Dopexamine
Etilevodopa
Ibopamine
L -DOPA (levodopa)
L -Phenylalanine
L -Tyrosine
Melevodopa
Atypical antipsychotics : Alentemol (U-66444B)
Aripiprazole (+sertraline )
Aripiprazole lauroxil
Bifeprunox
Brexpiprazole
Brilaroxazine
Cariprazine
F-15063
Lumateperone
Norclozapine
Others : 3-PPP
A-412997
ABT-670
ABT-724
Adrafinil
Aplindore
Apomorphine
Arketamine
Armodafinil
BP-897
Captodiame
CP-226,269
Dizocilpine
Esketamine
Flibanserin
Ketamine
Mesulergine
Modafinil
OSU-6162
Pardoprunox
PD-128,907
PD-168,077
PF-219,061
PF-592,379
Phencyclidine
Piribedil
Pramipexole
Preclamol
Propylnorapomorphine
Pukateine
Quinagolide
Quinelorane
Quinpirole
RDS-127
Ro10-5824
Ropinirole
Roxindole
Salvinorin A
SKF-83,959
Sumanirole
Talipexole
Umespirone
WAY-100,635
Antagonists
Antiemetics/gastroprokinetics/sedatives : Aceprometazine
AS-8112
Alimemazine
Alizapride
Benzquinamide
Bromopride
Clebopride
Deudomperidone
Domperidone
Eticlopride
Hydroxyzine
Itopride
Metoclopramide
Metopimazine
Promethazine
Thiethylperazine
Trimethobenzamide
Antidepressants : Amoxapine
Nefazodone
Opipramol
Propiomazine
Trimipramine
Others : 3-PPP
Azapride
Bromerguride
Bromocriptine
Buspirone
Desmethoxyfallypride
EEDQ
F-15063
Fallypride
Fananserin
Fenfluramine
Iodobenzamide
L-741,626
L-745,870
Levofenfluramine
Metergoline
Metitepine (methiothepin)
N-Methylspiperone
Nafadotride
Nuciferine
PNU-99,194
Pridopidine
Raclopride
Sarizotan
SB-277,011-A
Sonepiprazole
Spiroxatrine
Stepholidine
Terguride
Tetrahydropalmatine
Tiapride
UH-232
Yohimbine
See also: Receptor/signaling modulators
Adrenergics
Serotonergics
Monoamine reuptake inhibitors
Monoamine releasing agents
Monoamine metabolism modulators
Monoamine neurotoxins