1-Pentanol
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
Identifiers
CAS Number
3D model (JSmol )
Beilstein Reference
1730975
ChEBI
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard
100.000.684
EC Number
Gmelin Reference
25922
KEGG
MeSH
n-Pentanol
RTECS number
UNII
UN number
1105
show
InChI=1S/C5H12O/c1-2-3-4-5-6/h6H,2-5H2,1H3
Y Key: AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Y
Properties
Chemical formula
C 5 H 12 O
Molar mass
88.150 g·mol−1
Density
0.811 g cm−3
Melting point
−78 °C; −109 °F; 195 K
Boiling point
137 to 139 °C; 278 to 282 °F; 410 to 412 K
Solubility in water
22 g L−1
log P
1.348
Vapor pressure
200 Pa (at 20 °C)
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)
-67.7·10−6 cm3 /mol
Refractive index (n D )
1.409
Thermochemistry
Heat capacity (C )
207.45 J K−1 mol−1
Std molar entropy (S o 298 )
258.9 J K−1 mol−1
Std enthalpy of formation (Δf H ⦵ 298 )
−351.90–−351.34 kJ mol−1
Std enthalpy of combustion (Δc H ⦵ 298 )
−3331.19–−3330.63 kJ mol−1
Hazards
GHS pictograms
GHS Signal word
Warning
GHS hazard statements
H226 , H315 , H332 , H335
GHS precautionary statements
P261
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
Flash point
49 °C (120 °F; 322 K)
Autoignition temperature
300 °C (572 °F; 573 K)
Related compounds
Related compounds
Hexane
Pentylamine
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
N (what is Y N ?)
Infobox references
Chemical compound
1-Pentanol , (or n -pentanol , pentan-1-ol ), is an alcohol with five carbon atoms and the molecular formula C5 H11 OH.[2] 1-Pentanol is a colourless liquid with a distinctive aroma . It is the straight-chain form of amyl alcohol , one of 8 isomers with that formula.
The hydroxyl group (OH) is the active site of many reactions. The ester formed from 1-pentanol and butyric acid is pentyl butyrate , which smells like apricot . The ester formed from 1-pentanol and acetic acid is amyl acetate (also called pentyl acetate), which smells like banana .
In 2014, a study was conducted comparing the performance of diesel fuel blends with various proportions of pentanol as an additive . While gaseous emissions increased with higher concentrations of pentanol, particulate emissions decreased.[3]
Pentanol can be used as a solvent for coating CDs and DVDs .[citation needed ]
Pentanol can be prepared by fractional distillation of fusel oil . To reduce the use of fossil fuels , research is underway to develop cost-effective methods of producing (chemically identical) bio-pentanol with fermentation .[citation needed ]
References [ ]
^ "n-pentanol - Compound Summary" . PubChem Compound . USA: National Center for Biotechnology Information. 26 March 2005. Identification and Related Records. Retrieved 10 October 2011 .
^ CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 65Th Ed.
^ Wei, Liangjie & Cheung, C.s & Huang, Zuohua. (2014). Effect of n-pentanol addition on the combustion, performance and emission characteristics of a direct-injection diesel engine. Energy. 70. 10.1016/j.energy.2014.03.106.
show Alcohols
By consumption
Alcohols found inalcoholic drinks
1-Propanol
2-Methyl-1-butanol
Ethanol
Isoamyl alcohol
Isobutanol
Phenethyl alcohol
tert -Amyl alcohol
tert -Butyl alcohol
Tryptophol
Medical alcohol Toxic alcohols
Isopropyl alcohol
Methanol
Primary alcohols (1°)
Methanol
4-Methylcyclohexanemethanol
Aminomethanol
Cyclohexylmethanol
Methoxymethanol
Methylazoxymethanol
Trifluoromethanol
Ethanol
1-Aminoethanol
2,2,2-Trichloroethanol
2,2,2-Trifluoroethanol
2-(2-Ethoxyethoxy)ethanol
2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol
2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol
2-Butoxyethanol
2-Chloroethanol
2-Ethoxyethanol
2-Fluoroethanol
2-Mercaptoethanol
2-Methoxyethanol
Aminoethylethanolamine
Diethylethanolamine
Dimethylethanolamine
Ethanol
Ethanolamine
N ,N -Diisopropylaminoethanol
N -Methylethanolamine
Phenoxyethanol
Tribromoethanol
Butanol
2-Methyl-1-butanol
Isobutanol
n -Butanol
Straight-chain saturated C1 — C9
Methanol
Ethanol
1-Propanol
1-Butanol
1-Pentanol
1-Hexanol
1-Heptanol
1-Octanol (capryl)
1-Nonanol (pelargonic)
Straight-chain saturated C10 — C19
1-Decanol (capric)
1-Undecanol (hendecyl)
1-Dodecanol (lauryl)
1-Tridecanol
1-Tetradecanol (myristyl)
1-Pentadecanol
1-Hexadecanol (cetyl / palmityl)
1-Heptadecanol
1-Octadecanol (stearyl)
1-Nonadecanol
Straight-chain saturated C20 — C29
1-Icosanol (arachidyl)
1-Docosanol (behenyl)
1-Tetracosanol (lignoceryl)
1-Hexacosanol (ceryl)
1-Heptacosanol
1-Octacosanol (cluytyl / montanyl)
1-Nonacosanol
Straight-chain saturated C30 — C39
1-Triacontanol (melissyl / myricyl)
1-Dotriacontanol (lacceryl)
(geddyl)
Straight-chain saturated C40 — C49
2-Ethylhexanol
Allyl alcohol
Anisyl alcohol
Benzyl alcohol
Cinnamyl alcohol
Crotyl alcohol
Furfuryl alcohol
Isoamyl alcohol
Neopentyl alcohol
Nicotinyl alcohol
Perillyl alcohol
Phenethyl alcohol
Propargyl alcohol
Salicyl alcohol
Tryptophol
Vanillyl alcohol
Veratrole alcohol Secondary alcohols (2°)
1-Phenylethanol
2-Butanol
2-Heptanol
3-Heptanol
2-Hexanol
3-Hexanol
3-Methyl-2-butanol
2-Nonanol
2-Octanol
2-Pentanol
3-Pentanol
Cyclohexanol
Cyclopentanol
Cyclopropanol
Diphenylmethanol
Isopropanol
Pinacolyl alcohol
Pirkle's alcohol
Propylene glycol methyl ether
Tertiary alcohols (3°)
2-Methyl-2-pentanol
3-Methyl-3-pentanol
Diacetone alcohol
Ethchlorvynol
Methylpentynol
Nonafluoro-tert -butyl alcohol
tert -Amyl alcohol
tert -Butyl alcohol
Triphenylethanol
Triphenylmethanol
Hydric alcohols
Monohydric alcohols
Methanol
Ethanol
Isopropanol
Dihydric alcohols Trihydric alcohols
Amyl alcohols
2,2-Dimethylpropan-1-ol
2-Methylbutan-1-ol
2-Methylbutan-2-ol
3-Methylbutan-1-ol
3-Methylbutan-2-ol
Pentan-1-ol
Pentan-2-ol
Pentan-3-ol
Aromatic alcohols
Benzyl alcohol
2,4-Dichlorobenzyl alcohol
3-Nitrobenzyl alcohol
Branched and unsaturatedfatty alcohols
tert-Butyl alcohol
tert-Amyl alcohol
3-Methyl-3-pentanol
Oleyl alcohol
Sugar alcohols
C2 — C7
Ethylene glycol (C2 )
Glycerol (C3 )
Erythritol (C4 )
Threitol (C4 )
Arabitol (C5 )
Ribitol (C5 )
Xylitol (C5 )
Mannitol (C6 )
Sorbitol (C6 )
Galactitol (C6 )
Iditol (C6 )
Volemitol (C7 )
Deoxy sugar alcohols Cyclic sugar alcohols Glycylglycitols
Maltitol
Lactitol
Isomalt
Terpene alcohols
Monoterpene alcohol Diterpene alcohols
Dialcohols
1,4-Butanediol
1,5-Pentanediol
2-Methyl-2-propyl-1,3-propanediol
Diethylpropanediol
Ethylene glycol
Catechol
Fluoroalcohols
1,3-Difluoro-2-propanol
2,2,2-Trifluoroethanol
2-Fluoroethanol
Nonafluoro-tert -butyl alcohol
Trifluoromethanol
Preparations Reactions
Category
show Hypnotics /sedatives (N05C )
GABAA
Alcohols Barbiturates Benzodiazepines
Brotizolam
Cinolazepam
Climazolam
Clonazepam
Doxefazepam
Estazolam
Flunitrazepam
Flurazepam
Flutoprazepam
Lorazepam
Loprazolam
Lormetazepam
Midazolam
Nimetazepam
Nitrazepam
Phenazepam
Quazepam
Temazepam
Triazolam
Carbamates Imidazoles Monoureides Neuroactive steroids Nonbenzodiazepines Phenols Piperidinediones Quinazolinones Others
GABAB
1,4-Butanediol
4-Fluorophenibut
Aceburic acid
Baclofen
GABOB
GHB (sodium oxybate )
GBL
GVL
Phenibut
Tolibut
H1
Antihistamines
Captodiame
Cyproheptadine
Diphenhydramine
Doxylamine
Hydroxyzine
Methapyrilene
Perlapine
Pheniramine
Promethazine
Propiomazine
Antidepressants
Serotonin antagonists and reuptake inhibitors
Etoperidone
Nefazodone
Trazodone
Tricyclic antidepressants
Amitriptyline
Doxepin
Trimipramine , etc.
Tetracyclic antidepressants
Antipsychotics
Typical antipsychotics
Chlorpromazine
Thioridazine , etc.
Atypical antipsychotics
α2 -Adrenergic
Clonidine
Detomidine
Dexmedetomidine
Lofexidine
Medetomidine
Romifidine
Tizanidine
Xylazine
5-HT2A
Antidepressants
Trazodone
Tricyclic antidepressants
Amitriptyline
Doxepin
Trimipramine , etc.
Tetracyclic antidepressants
Antipsychotics
Typical antipsychotics
Chlorpromazine
Thioridazine , etc.
Atypical antipsychotics
Others
Melatonin Orexin α2 δ VDCC
Gabapentin
Gabapentin enacarbil
Mirogabalin
Phenibut
Pregabalin
Others
Cannabidiol
Diethylpropanediol
Evoxine
Fenadiazole
Guaifenesin -related muscle relaxants
Chlorphenesin
Mephenesin
Mephenoxalone
Metaxalone
Methocarbamol
Midaflur
Opioids (e.g., morphine )
Passion flower
Scopolamine
Trazodone
UMB68
Valnoctamide
show GABA A receptor positive modulatorsAlcohols Barbiturates Benzodiazepines Carbamates Flavonoids
Ampelopsin (dihydromyricetin)
Apigenin
Baicalein
Baicalin
Catechin
EGC
EGCG
Hispidulin
Luteolin
Skullcap constituents (e.g., baicalin )
Wogonin
Imidazoles Kava constituents
Desmethoxyyangonin
Kavain
Methysticin
Yangonin
Monoureides Neuroactive steroids Nonbenzodiazepines Phenols
Fospropofol
Propofol
Thymol
Piperidinediones Pyrazolopyridines Quinazolinones Volatiles /gases
Acetone
Acetophenone
Acetylglycinamide chloral hydrate
Aliflurane
Benzene
Butane
Butylene
Centalun
Chloral
Chloral betaine
Chloral hydrate
Chloroform
Cryofluorane
Desflurane
Dichloralphenazone
Dichloromethane
Diethyl ether
Enflurane
Ethyl chloride
Ethylene
Fluroxene
Gasoline
Halopropane
Halothane
Isoflurane
Kerosine
Methoxyflurane
Methoxypropane
Nitric oxide
Nitrogen
Nitrous oxide
Norflurane
Paraldehyde
Propane
Propylene
Roflurane
Sevoflurane
Synthane
Teflurane
Toluene
Trichloroethane (methyl chloroform)
Trichloroethylene
Vinyl ether
Others/unsorted
3-Hydroxybutanal
Avermectins (e.g., ivermectin )
Bromide compounds (e.g., lithium bromide , potassium bromide , sodium bromide )
Carbamazepine
Chloralose
Chlormezanone
Clomethiazole
DEABL
Dihydroergolines (e.g., dihydroergocryptine , , dihydroergotamine , ergoloid (dihydroergotoxine) )
Efavirenz
Etazepine
Etifoxine
Fenamates (e.g., flufenamic acid , mefenamic acid , niflumic acid , tolfenamic acid )
Fluoxetine
Flupirtine
Hopantenic acid
Lanthanum
Lavender oil
Lignans (e.g., 4-O-methylhonokiol , honokiol , magnolol , obovatol )
Loreclezole
Menthyl isovalerate (validolum)
Monastrol
Niacin
Niacinamide
Org 25,435
Phenytoin
Propanidid
Retigabine (ezogabine)
Safranal
Seproxetine
Stiripentol
(e.g., sulfonmethane (sulfonal) , tetronal , trional )
Terpenoids (e.g., borneol )
Topiramate
Valerian constituents (e.g., isovaleric acid , isovaleramide , valerenic acid , )
Unsorted benzodiazepine site positive modulators: α-Pinene
See also: Receptor/signaling modulators • GABA receptor modulators • GABA metabolism/transport modulators