Saint-Nicolas-du-Pélem
Saint-Nicolas-du-Pélem
Sant-Nikolaz-ar-Pelem | |
|---|---|
 Place Kreisker in Saint-Nicolas-du-Pélem | |
 Coat of arms | |
show Location of Saint-Nicolas-du-Pélem | |
  Saint-Nicolas-du-Pélem | |
| Coordinates: 48°18′50″N 3°09′47″W / 48.3139°N 3.1631°WCoordinates: 48°18′50″N 3°09′47″W / 48.3139°N 3.1631°W | |
| Country | France |
| Region | Brittany |
| Department | Côtes-d'Armor |
| Arrondissement | Guingamp |
| Canton | Rostrenen |
| Intercommunality | Kreiz-Breizh |
| Government | |
| • Mayor (2020–2026) | Daniel Le Caër |
| Area 1 | 41.04 km2 (15.85 sq mi) |
| Population (Jan. 2018)[1] | 1,632 |
| • Density | 40/km2 (100/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| INSEE/Postal code | 22321 /22480 |
| Elevation | 139–291 m (456–955 ft) |
| 1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. | |
Saint-Nicolas-du-Pélem (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ nikɔla dy pelɛm]; Breton: Sant-Nikolaz-ar-Pelem) is a commune in the Côtes-d'Armor department of Brittany in northwestern France.
Population[]
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1793 | 1,992 | — |
| 1800 | 2,021 | +1.5% |
| 1806 | 2,057 | +1.8% |
| 1821 | 2,113 | +2.7% |
| 1831 | 2,538 | +20.1% |
| 1836 | 2,641 | +4.1% |
| 1841 | 2,660 | +0.7% |
| 1846 | 2,668 | +0.3% |
| 1851 | 2,760 | +3.4% |
| 1856 | 2,614 | −5.3% |
| 1861 | 2,448 | −6.4% |
| 1866 | 2,838 | +15.9% |
| 1872 | 2,747 | −3.2% |
| 1876 | 2,830 | +3.0% |
| 1881 | 2,800 | −1.1% |
| 1886 | 2,886 | +3.1% |
| 1891 | 2,910 | +0.8% |
| 1896 | 2,929 | +0.7% |
| 1901 | 2,973 | +1.5% |
| 1906 | 3,105 | +4.4% |
| 1911 | 3,273 | +5.4% |
| 1921 | 3,039 | −7.1% |
| 1926 | 2,820 | −7.2% |
| 1931 | 2,735 | −3.0% |
| 1936 | 2,488 | −9.0% |
| 1946 | 2,398 | −3.6% |
| 1954 | 2,137 | −10.9% |
| 1962 | 2,191 | +2.5% |
| 1968 | 2,102 | −4.1% |
| 1975 | 2,106 | +0.2% |
| 1982 | 2,023 | −3.9% |
| 1990 | 1,922 | −5.0% |
| 1999 | 1,843 | −4.1% |
| 2008 | 1,798 | −2.4% |
Inhabitants of Saint-Nicolas-du-Pélem are called pélemois in French.
History[]
Prehistory[]
The cairn of Croaz Dom Herry, discovered in 2005, dates to the middle of the Neolithic, but has largely been quarried for its stones, particularly during the late Middle Ages; it has 4 circular funeral chambers, each about 3 meters in diameter, at the end of a long corridor.[2]
Roman period[]
The town that later became Saint-Nicolas-du-Pélem was built 500 meters from the Roman road linking Vorgium (capital of the Osismii) with Corseul and Aleth (capital of the Coriosolites).
A large plateau surrounded by an artificial moat near Pélinec pond is sometimes considered to be the remains of a pre-Roman fortification of the Gauls,[3] or of a Roman camp, and sometimes as the remains of a medieval camp (Frotier de la Messelière reports having seen foundations for a circular stone tower).
Second World War[]
A monument to the deceased of Saint-Nicolas-du-Pélem lists 32 individuals who perished during World War II.[4]
Le maquis Tito[]
During the German occupation, the a group of maquis of the FTP operating in the Côtes-du-Nord, was organized during the spring of 1943 in the rectangular area of Trémargat, Lanrivain, Peumerit-Quintin, and Saint-Nicolas-du-Pélem, lead by Louis Pichouron, whose nom de guerre was "Commandant Alain".[5] In January 1944 they took the name of the "Tito Company", after Josip Broz Tito, leader of the communist resistance movement in Yugoslavia, with a team in Saint-Nicolas-du-Pélem led by Théodore Le Nénan.
On November 11, 1943, Théodore Le Nénan killed a member of the Feldgendarmerie in Plouaret; on December 23 Georges Ollitrault attacked a German officer at Loudéac. An attack on the town hall of Saint-Nicodème resulted in the arrest of many members of the group at Trébrivan, and four were shot on May 6, 1944 at Ploufragan.[6]
See also[]
References[]
- ^ "Populations légales 2018". INSEE. 28 December 2020.
- ^ Yves Menez and Stéphane Hingant, "Fouilles et découvertes en Bretagne", éditions Ouest-France, INRAP, 2010 [ISBN 978-2-7373-5074-0]. Also Jean-Yves Tinevez et al., "Le cairn de Croaz Dom Herry et ses carrières de schiste (Saint-Nicolas-du-Pélem - Côtes-d'Armor)", revue Gallia Préhistoire, 2012, volume 54-2, pages 191-238.
- ^ Guide des lieux insolites et secrets de Bretagne, par Alain Dag’Naud, éditions Gisserot
- ^ Memorialgenweb.org - Saint-Nicolas-du- Pélem : monument aux morts 1939-1945.
- ^ Louis Pichouron, born on March 27, 1902, see Louis Pichouron,Mémoire d'un partisan breton Louis Pichouron Commandant Alain, Presses universitaires de Bretagne, 1970.
- ^ http://www.memoresist.org/resistant/le-bozec-arsene-pierre-marie/
External links[]
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Saint-Nicolas-du-Pélem. |
- Base Mérimée: Search for heritage in the commune, Ministère français de la Culture. (in French)
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- Communes of Côtes-d'Armor