La Quinta Formation

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This article is about the formation in Colombia and Venezuela. For the amber-bearing Mexican formation, see La Quinta Formation, Mexico.
La Quinta Formation
Stratigraphic range: Hettangian
201.46–200.36 Ma
↓
La Quinta Formation near its type section the Venezuelan Andes.JPG
The La Quinta Formation near its type section in Táchira, Venezuela
TypeGeological formation
Underlies
Overlies
Thicknessup to 11,000 ft (3,400 m)
Lithology
PrimarySandstone
OtherTuff, conglomerate
Location
Coordinates8°09′N 72°01′W / 8.15°N 72.02°W / 8.15; -72.02Coordinates: 8°09′N 72°01′W / 8.15°N 72.02°W / 8.15; -72.02
Approximate paleocoordinates0°06′N 42°42′W / 0.1°N 42.7°W / 0.1; -42.7
RegionCesar-Ranchería & Maracaibo Basins
Serranía del Perijá & Cordillera de Mérida
Country Colombia
 Venezuela
Type section
Named forLa Quinta quarry
La Quinta Formation is located in Venezuela
La Quinta Formation
La Quinta Formation (Venezuela)

The La Quinta Formation is a Jurassic geologic formation which crops out in the Cordillera de Mérida and Serranía del Perijá of western Venezuela and northeastern Colombia. The formation is also present in the subsurface of the Cesar-Ranchería and Maracaibo Basins. At its type locality near La Grita, Táchira, it consists of a basal dacitic tuff followed by interlayered sandstones, tuffs, siltstones and rare limestones.[1] Dinosaur remains including Laquintasaura,[2] and Tachiraptor, are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation.[3]

Fossil associations suggested that the La Quinta Formation was of Early to Middle Jurassic age,[4] while a more recent estimate based on U–Pb zircon analysis demonstrates that the bonebed has a maximum depositional age of 200.91+0.55 Ma.[5]

Regional correlations[]

Stratigraphy of the Llanos Basin and surrounding provinces
Ma Age Paleomap Regional events proximal Llanos distal Llanos Environments Maximum thickness Petroleum geology Notes
0.01 Holocene
Blakey 000Ma - COL.jpg
 Holocene volcanism
Seismic activity		 alluvium Overburden
1 Pleistocene
Blakey Pleist - COL.jpg
 Pleistocene volcanism
Andean orogeny 3
Glaciations		 Soatá
Sabana
Alluvial to fluvial (Guayabo) 550 m (1,800 ft)
(Guayabo)		 [6][7][8][9]
2.6 Pliocene
Blakey 020Ma - COL.jpg
 Pliocene volcanism
Andean orogeny 3
GABI		 Subachoque
5.3 Messinian Andean orogeny 3
Foreland		 Marichuela Honda [8][10]
13.5 Langhian Regional flooding hiatus Lacustrine (León) 400 m (1,300 ft)
(León)		 Seal [9][11]
16.2 Burdigalian Miocene inundations
Andean orogeny 2		 Proximal fluvio-deltaic (C1) 850 m (2,790 ft)
(Carbonera)		 Reservoir [10][9]
17.3 Distal lacustrine-deltaic (C2) Seal
19 Proximal fluvio-deltaic (C3) Reservoir
21 Early Miocene Pebas wetlands Barzalosa Distal fluvio-deltaic (C4) Seal
23 Late Oligocene
Blakey 035Ma - COL.jpg
 Andean orogeny 1
Foredeep		 Proximal fluvio-deltaic (C5) Reservoir [7][10]
25 Distal fluvio-lacustrine (C6) Seal
28 Early Oligocene Proximal deltaic-marine (C7) Reservoir [7][10][12]
32 Oligo-Eocene Usme onlap Marine-deltaic (C8) Seal
Source		 [12]
35 Late Eocene
Blakey 050Ma - COL.jpg
 Coastal (Mirador) 240 m (790 ft)
(Mirador)		 Reservoir [9][13]
40 Middle Eocene Regadera hiatus
45
50 Early Eocene
Blakey 065Ma - COL.jpg
 Deltaic (Los Cuervos) 260 m (850 ft)
(Los Cuervos)		 Seal
Source		 [9][13]
55 Late Paleocene PETM
2000 ppm CO2		 Bogotá
60 Early Paleocene SALMA Barco Guaduas Fluvial (Barco) 225 m (738 ft)
(Barco)		 Reservoir [6][7][10][9][14]
65 Maastrichtian
Blakey 090Ma - COL.jpg
 KT extinction Guadalupe Deltaic-fluvial (Guadalupe) 750 m (2,460 ft)
(Guadalupe)		 Reservoir [6][9]
72 Campanian End of rifting [9][15]
83 Santonian Villeta/Güagüaquí
86 Coniacian
89 Turonian Cenomanian-Turonian anoxic event Chipaque Gachetá hiatus Restricted marine (all) 500 m (1,600 ft)
(Gachetá)		 Source [6][9][16]
93 Cenomanian
Blakey 105Ma - COL.jpg
 Rift 2
100 Albian Une Une Caballos Deltaic (Une) 500 m (1,600 ft)
(Une)		 Reservoir [10][16]
113 Aptian
Blakey 120Ma - COL.jpg
 Fómeque Open marine (Fómeque) 800 m (2,600 ft)
(Fómeque)		 Source (Fóm) [7][9][17]
125 Barremian High biodiversity Paja Shallow to open marine (Paja) 940 m (3,080 ft)
(Paja)		 Reservoir [6]
129 Hauterivian
Blakey 150Ma - COL.jpg
 Rift 1 Las Juntas hiatus Deltaic (Las Juntas) 910 m (2,990 ft)
(Las Juntas)		 Reservoir (LJun) [6]
133 Valanginian
Macanal
Rosablanca		 Restricted marine (Macanal) 2,935 m (9,629 ft)
(Macanal)		 Source (Mac) [7][18]
140 Berriasian Girón
145 Tithonian Break-up of Pangea Arcabuco
Alluvial, fluvial (Buenavista) 110 m (360 ft)
(Buenavista)		 "Jurassic" [10][19]
150 Early-Mid Jurassic
Blakey 170Ma - COL.jpg
 Passive margin 2 La Quinta

Noreán		 hiatus Coastal tuff (La Quinta) 100 m (330 ft)
(La Quinta)		 [20]
201 Late Triassic
Blakey 200Ma - COL.jpg
 [10]
235 Early Triassic
237 Ma orogenies reconstruction.jpg
 Pangea hiatus "Paleozoic"
250 Permian
280 Ma plate tectonic reconstruction.png
300 Late Carboniferous
Laurasia 330Ma.jpg
 Famatinian orogeny
()		 [21]
340 Early Carboniferous Fossil fish
Romer's gap		 Cuche
(355-385)
()		 Deltaic, estuarine (Cuche) 900 m (3,000 ft)
(Cuche)
360 Late Devonian
380 Ma plate tectonic reconstruction.png
 Passive margin 1 Río Cachirí
(360-419)
()		 Alluvial-fluvial-reef (Farallones) 2,400 m (7,900 ft)
(Farallones)		 [18][22][23][24][25]
390 Early Devonian
Gondwana 420 Ma.png
 High biodiversity Floresta
(387-400)
 Shallow marine (Floresta) 600 m (2,000 ft)
(Floresta)
410 Late Silurian
425 Early Silurian hiatus
440 Late Ordovician
Middle Ordovician South Polar paleogeography - 460 Ma.png
 Rich fauna in Bolivia
(450-490)
()
470 Early Ordovician First fossils
(>470±22)
()
()

()

Venado
(470-475)
 [26][27][28]
488 Late Cambrian
ক্যাম্ব্রিয়ান৫০.png
 Regional intrusions
(490-515)
()
()
(490-590)
()		 [29][30]
515 Early Cambrian Cambrian explosion [28][31]
542 Ediacaran
Positions of ancient continents, 550 million years ago.jpg
 Break-up of Rodinia pre-Quetame post-Parguaza
()		 Yellow: allochthonous basement
(Chibcha Terrane)
Green: autochthonous basement
(Río Negro-Juruena Province)		 Basement [32][33]
600 Neoproterozoic
Rodinia reconstruction.jpg
 Cariri Velhos orogeny
(600-1400)		 pre-Guaviare [29]
800
Pannotia - 2.png
 Snowball Earth [34]
1000 Mesoproterozoic
Paleoglobe NO 1260 mya.gif
 Sunsás orogeny
(1000)
(1030-1100)		 [35][36][37][38]
1300 pre-Ariarí
(1300-1400)
(1180-1550)		 [39]
1400
Paleoglobe NO 1590 mya-vector-colors.svg
 pre-Bucaramanga [40]
1600 Paleoproterozoic
(1500-1700)		 pre-Garzón [41]
1800
2050ma.png
(1800)		 [39][41]
1950 pre-Mitú [39]
2200 Columbia
2530 Archean
Kenorland.jpg
 [39]
3100 Kenorland
Sources
Legend
  • group
  • important formation
  • fossiliferous formation
  • minor formation
  • (age in Ma)
  • proximal Llanos (Medina)[note 1]
  • distal Llanos (Saltarin 1A well)[note 2]


See also[]

Notes[]

  1. ^ based on Duarte et al. (2019)[42], García González et al. (2009),[43] and geological report of Villavicencio[44]
  2. ^ based on Duarte et al. (2019)[42] and the hydrocarbon potential evaluation performed by the UIS and in 2009[45]

References[]

  1. ^ Barret et al., 2008, p.164
  2. ^ Barret et al., 2014
  3. ^ Weishampel, et al. (2004). "Dinosaur distribution." Pp. 517-607
  4. ^ Barret et al., 2008, p.175
  5. ^ La Quinta quarry at Fossilworks.org
  6. ^ a b c d e f García González et al., 2009, p.27
  7. ^ a b c d e f García González et al., 2009, p.50
  8. ^ a b García González et al., 2009, p.85
  9. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Barrero et al., 2007, p.60
  10. ^ a b c d e f g h Barrero et al., 2007, p.58
  11. ^ Plancha 111, 2001, p.29
  12. ^ a b Plancha 177, 2015, p.39
  13. ^ a b Plancha 111, 2001, p.26
  14. ^ Plancha 111, 2001, p.24
  15. ^ Plancha 111, 2001, p.23
  16. ^ a b Pulido & Gómez, 2001, p.32
  17. ^ Pulido & Gómez, 2001, p.30
  18. ^ a b Pulido & Gómez, 2001, pp.21-26
  19. ^ Pulido & Gómez, 2001, p.28
  20. ^ Correa Martínez et al., 2019, p.49
  21. ^ Plancha 303, 2002, p.27
  22. ^ Terraza et al., 2008, p.22
  23. ^ Plancha 229, 2015, pp.46-55
  24. ^ Plancha 303, 2002, p.26
  25. ^ Moreno Sánchez et al., 2009, p.53
  26. ^ Mantilla Figueroa et al., 2015, p.43
  27. ^ Manosalva Sánchez et al., 2017, p.84
  28. ^ a b Plancha 303, 2002, p.24
  29. ^ a b Mantilla Figueroa et al., 2015, p.42
  30. ^ Arango Mejía et al., 2012, p.25
  31. ^ Plancha 350, 2011, p.49
  32. ^ Pulido & Gómez, 2001, pp.17-21
  33. ^ Plancha 111, 2001, p.13
  34. ^ Plancha 303, 2002, p.23
  35. ^ Plancha 348, 2015, p.38
  36. ^ Planchas 367-414, 2003, p.35
  37. ^ Toro Toro et al., 2014, p.22
  38. ^ Plancha 303, 2002, p.21
  39. ^ a b c d Bonilla et al., 2016, p.19
  40. ^ Gómez Tapias et al., 2015, p.209
  41. ^ a b Bonilla et al., 2016, p.22
  42. ^ a b Duarte et al., 2019
  43. ^ García González et al., 2009
  44. ^ Pulido & Gómez, 2001
  45. ^ García González et al., 2009, p.60

Bibliography[]

  • Barrett, Paul M.; Richard J. Butler; Roland Mundil; Torsten M. Scheyer; Randall B. Irmis, and Marcelo R. Sánchez-Villagra. 2014. A palaeoequatorial ornithischian and new constraints on early dinosaur diversification. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 281. 1–7. Accessed 2018-08-18.
  • Barrett, P. M., R. J. Butler, S. C. Moore-Fay, F. E. Novas, J. M. Moody, J. M. Clark, and M. R. Sänchez-Villagra. ‘Dinosaur Remains from the La Quinta Formation (Lower or Middle Jurassic) of the Venezuelan Andes’. Paläontologische Zeitschrift 82, no. 2 (2008): 163–177.
  • Weishampel, David B.; Dodson, Peter; and Osmólska, Halszka (eds.): The Dinosauria, 2nd, Berkeley: University of California Press. 861 pp. ISBN 0-520-24209-2.

Maps[]

  • Colmenares, Fabio; Milena Mesa; Jairo Roncancio; Edgar Arciniegas; Pablo Pedraza; Agustín Cardona; César Silva; Jhoamna Romero, and Sonia Alvarado and Oscar Romero, Felipe Vargas, Carlos Santamaría. 2007. Plancha 14 - Albania - 1:100,000, 1. INGEOMINAS. Accessed 2017-06-06.
  • Colmenares, Fabio; Milena Mesa; Jairo Roncancio; Edgar Arciniegas; Pablo Pedraza; Agustín Cardona; César Silva; Jhoamna Romero, and Sonia Alvarado and Oscar Romero, Felipe Vargas, Carlos Santamaría. 2007. Plancha 21 - Fonseca - 1:100,000, 1. INGEOMINAS. Accessed 2017-06-06.
  • Colmenares, Fabio; Milena Mesa; Jairo Roncancio; Edgar Arciniegas; Pablo Pedraza; Agustín Cardona; César Silva; Jhoamna Romero, and Sonia Alvarado and Oscar Romero, Felipe Vargas, Carlos Santamaría. 2007. Plancha 34 - Agustín Codazzi - 1:100,000, 1. INGEOMINAS. Accessed 2017-06-06.
  • González, Javier; Jairo Clavijo; Marina Hernández, and Carlos García. 2002. Plancha 40 - Bosconia - 1:100,000, 1. INGEOMINAS. Accessed 2017-06-06.
  • Hernández, Marina; Jairo Clavijo, and Javier González. 2001. Plancha 47 - Chiriguaná - 1:100,000, 1. INGEOMINAS. Accessed 2017-06-06.
  • Hernández, Marina, and Jairo Clavijo. 2008. Plancha 48 - La Jagua de Ibirico - 1:100,000, 1. INGEOMINAS. Accessed 2017-06-06.
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