Two-pore-domain potassium channel
The two-pore-domain or tandem pore domain potassium channels are a family of 15 members that form what is known as "leak channels" which possess Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz (open) rectification.[1] These channels are regulated by several mechanisms including signaling lipids, oxygen tension, pH, , and G-proteins .[citation needed] Their name is derived from the fact that the α subunits consist of four transmembrane segments, and each pair of transmembrane segments contains a pore loop between the two transmembrane segments. Thus, each subunit has two pore loops. As such, they structurally correspond to two inward-rectifier α subunits and thus form dimers in the membrane (whereas inward-rectifier α subunits form tetramers).
Each single channel does not have two pores; the name of the channel comes from the fact that each subunit has two P (pore) domains in its primary sequence.[2] To quote Rang and Dale (2015), "The nomenclature is misleading, especially when they are incorrectly referred to as two-pore channels".[3]
Below is a list of the 15 known two-pore-domain human potassium channels:[1]
| Gene | Channel[4] | Family | Aliases |
| KCNK1 | K2p1.1 | TWIK[5][6] | TWIK-1 |
| KCNK2 | K2p2.1 | TREK[5][6] | TREK-1 |
| KCNK3 | K2p3.1 | TASK[5][6] | TASK-1 |
| KCNK4 | K2p4.1 | TREK[5][6] | TRAAK[7] |
| KCNK5 | K2p5.1 | TASK[5][6] | TASK-2[8] |
| KCNK6 | K2p6.1 | TWIK[5][6] | TWIK-2 |
| KCNK7 | K2p7.1 | TWIK[5][6] | |
| KCNK9 | K2p9.1 | TASK[5][6] | TASK-3 |
| KCNK10 | K2p10.1 | TREK[5][6] | TREK-2 |
| KCNK12 | K2p12.1 | THIK | THIK-2 |
| KCNK13 | K2p13.1 | THIK | THIK-1 |
| KCNK15 | K2p15.1 | TASK[5][6] | TASK-5 |
| KCNK16 | K2p16.1 | TALK[5][6] | TALK-1 |
| KCNK17 | K2p17.1 | TALK[5][6] | TALK-2, TASK-4 |
| KCNK18 | K2p18.1 | TRIK, TRESK[5][6][9][10] |
See also[]
- Ion channel
- Potassium channel
References[]
- ^ Jump up to: a b Goldstein SA, Bayliss DA, Kim D, Lesage F, Plant LD, Rajan S (Dec 2005). "International Union of Pharmacology. LV. Nomenclature and molecular relationships of two-P potassium channels". Pharmacological Reviews. 57 (4): 527–40. doi:10.1124/pr.57.4.12. PMID 16382106. S2CID 7356601.
- ^ "Two P domain potassium channels". Guide to Pharmacology. Retrieved 2019-05-28.
- ^ Rang, HP (2003). Pharmacology (8 ed.). Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone. p. 59. ISBN 978-0-443-07145-4.
- ^ Gutman GA, Chandy KG, Adelman JP, Aiyar J, Bayliss DA, Clapham DE, et al. (Dec 2003). "International Union of Pharmacology. XLI. Compendium of voltage-gated ion channels: potassium channels". Pharmacological Reviews. 55 (4): 583–6. doi:10.1124/pr.55.4.9. PMID 14657415. S2CID 34963430.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m Enyedi P, Czirják G (Apr 2010). "Molecular background of leak K+ currents: two-pore domain potassium channels". Physiological Reviews. 90 (2): 559–605. doi:10.1152/physrev.00029.2009. PMID 20393194.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m Lotshaw DP (2007). "Biophysical, pharmacological, and functional characteristics of cloned and native mammalian two-pore domain K+ channels". Cell Biochemistry and Biophysics. 47 (2): 209–56. doi:10.1007/s12013-007-0007-8. PMID 17652773. S2CID 12759521.
- ^ Fink M, Lesage F, Duprat F, Heurteaux C, Reyes R, Fosset M, Lazdunski M (Jun 1998). "A neuronal two P domain K+ channel stimulated by arachidonic acid and polyunsaturated fatty acids". The EMBO Journal. 17 (12): 3297–308. doi:10.1093/emboj/17.12.3297. PMC 1170668. PMID 9628867.
- ^ Goldstein SA, Bockenhauer D, O'Kelly I, Zilberberg N (Mar 2001). "Potassium leak channels and the KCNK family of two-P-domain subunits". Nature Reviews. Neuroscience. 2 (3): 175–84. doi:10.1038/35058574. PMID 11256078. S2CID 9682396.
- ^ Sano Y, Inamura K, Miyake A, Mochizuki S, Kitada C, Yokoi H, Nozawa K, Okada H, Matsushime H, Furuichi K (Jul 2003). "A novel two-pore domain K+ channel, TRESK, is localized in the spinal cord". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 278 (30): 27406–12. doi:10.1074/jbc.M206810200. PMID 12754259.
- ^ Czirják G, Tóth ZE, Enyedi P (Apr 2004). "The two-pore domain K+ channel, TRESK, is activated by the cytoplasmic calcium signal through calcineurin". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 279 (18): 18550–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.M312229200. PMID 14981085.
External links[]
- Tandem+Pore+Domain+Potassium+Channel at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
- "Two-P Potassium Channels". IUPHAR Database of Receptors and Ion Channels. International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology.
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