Sansoen Phra Barami

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Sansoen Phra Barami
English: Glorify His Prestige
สรรเสริญพระบารมี
Royal anthem of Siam in postcard, early 20th century.jpg
Sheet music of Phleng Sansoen Phra Barami in postcard, early 20th century.

Royal anthem of Thailand Thailand
Royal and National anthem of Siam Thailand
LyricsNarisara Nuwattiwong and King Vajiravudh, 1913
MusicPyotr Shchurovsky, 1888
Adopted1888 (unofficial lyrics)
1913 (official lyrics)
Relinquished1932 (as National Anthem)
Preceded by"Bulan Loi Luean"
Succeeded by"Phleng Chat Siam" (as National Anthem)
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"Sansoen Phra Barami" (Thai: สรรเสริญพระบารมี, pronounced [sǎn.sɤ̌ːn pʰráʔ bāː.rā.mīː]; lit.'glorify His prestige') is the royal anthem of Thailand. It was a de facto national anthem of Siam before 1932.

History[]

Boosra Mahin Theater Group, a Siamese theater group which performed and recorded the royal anthem Sansoen Phra Barami in Berlin, Germany in 1900.

The first song to be used as royal anthem and de facto national anthem of Siam/Thailand appeared in the reign of King Mongkut of Rattanakosin Kingdom. In 1851, two former British military officers named Captain Impey and Lieutenant Thomas George Knox served with the Siamese Army. They trained the troops of King Mongkut and the Second King Pinklao with British military tradition. So, they adopted the anthem God Save the Queen as honor music for the king of Siam. Phraya Srisunthonwohan (Noi Āchāryānkura) wrote Thai lyrics for this anthem later and named it as "Chom Rat Chong Charoen" which means "long live the great king".

In 1871, King Chulalongkorn visited British Singapore and Batavia (Jakarta) of Dutch East Indies. It appeared that Siam used the same anthem with the Great Britain who ruled over Singapore at that time. It was necessary that Siam must have a new unique tune for using as the royal anthem and de facto national anthem. A group of Siamese traditional musicians had selected a Thai song named "Bulan Loi Luean" ("The Floating Moon On the Sky") which was the royal composition of King Buddha Loetla Nabhalai (Rama II) for use as the new anthem. King Chulalongkorn later ordered Mr.Heutsen, a Dutch bandmaster who served in the Royal Siamese Army, to arrange the song in western style for performing by the military band. According to a research of Sugree Charoensuk, an associate professor from Mahidol University, the melody of this anthem may be the same tune with another anthem named "Sansoen Sua Pa" which was used as the anthem of the Wild Tiger Corps since 1911.[1]

History about the royal anthem of Siam after 1871 are ambiguous and rare to find evidence. An evidence of music composition of the royal anthem of Siam appeared again in 1888 when a sheet music of Siamese national anthem, arranged by the Russian composer Pyotr Schurovsky, was printed in Russia. The main melody of the song in that sheet music is the same tune of "Sansoen Phra Barami" in present time. According to a research of Sugree Charoensook, Pyotr Shchurovsky was the composer of the music of Sansoen Phra Barami ,[2] to serve as Siam's national anthem.[3] Prince Narisara Nuvadtivong later composed various lyrics of Sansoen Phra Barami for using in the Royal Siamese Army, in all Siamese school and in Siamese traditional music bands. Prince Abhakara Kiartivongse also composed a version of lyrics for used in the Royal Siamese Navy. In 1913, King Vajiravudh decided to relinquish all lyrics of Sansoen Phra Barami that mentioned before and revised it to current version only.

Sansoen Phra Barami was the de facto national anthem of Siam from 1888 until 1932, when it was replaced by Phleng Chat Siam. It still use as the royal anthem of Thailand today.

In 1940, Thai Government under the administration of Prime Minister Plaek Phibunsongkhram issued the 8th Thai cultural mandate. This mandate said about lyrics of Sansoen Phra Barami which were shorten and replaced the word "Siam" with the word "Thai" (see below). After the end of World War II, these lyrics were quietly abandoned due its unpopularity, and reverted to the version that revised by King Vajiravudh in 1913 again.

The sound recording of Sansoen Phra Barami was recorded for the first time ever on the Edison wax cylinder by Carl Stumpf, an ethnomusicologist from the University of Berlin. In that recording, the anthem was performed Boosra Mahin Theater Group, a Siamese theater group visiting Berlin in 1900.

Usage of the anthem[]

The royal anthem is performed during state occasions, as well as when a high-ranking member of the royal family is present for a function. In addition, the royal anthem is still played before the beginning of each film in movie theatres, as well as before the commencement of the first act in plays, musicals, concerts, and most other live performances of music or theatre in Thailand. The anthem is also played at the sign-on and closedown of television and radio programming; for example, in 2008, 7HD aired a video with pictures of King Bhumibol Adulyadej from his birth to his 80th anniversaries in 2007. Radio Thailand (or NBT) also broadcast the sign-off with the anthem at 24:00 every night.

In 2019, the Royal Thai Government Gazette has published the Royal Office Regulation on Performing Honors Music of B.E. 2562. This regulation is detailed about using the royal anthem and other honors music for the king and members of the Thai royal family in several occasions. According to this regulation, The royal anthem Sansoen Phra Barami should be performed for the following:-[4]

  • The King of Thailand
  • Queen Sirikit the Queen Mother
  • The Queen of Thailand
  • Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn, the Princess Royal
  • Heirs-apparent to the throne
  • Royal remains
  • Some Thai Royal Standards when hoisted or shown:-
    • Royal Standard of Thailand
    • Standard of Queen Sirikit the Queen Mother
    • Standard of the Queen of Thailand
    • Standard for Senior members of the Royal Family (Standard of the Princess Mother)
    • Standard of Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn, the Princess Royal
    • Standard of the Crown Prince of Thailand

Lyrics[]

This is the current lyrics of "Sansoen Phra Barami" which was revised by King Vajiravudh in 1913.

Official lyrics[]

Thai Romanisation (RTGS) Phonetic transcription (IPA) English translation

ข้าวรพุทธเจ้า
เอามโนและศิระกราน
นบพระภูมิบาล บุญดิเรก
เอกบรมจักริน
พระสยามินทร์ พระยศยิ่งยง
เย็นศิระเพราะพระบริบาล
ผลพระคุณ ธ รักษา
ปวงประชาเป็นสุขศานต์
ขอบันดาล
ธ ประสงค์ใด จงสฤษดิ์ดัง
หวังวรหฤทัย ดุจถวายชัย ชโย

Kha Wora Phuttha Chao
Ao Mano Lae Sira Kran
Nop Phra Phumi Ban Bunya Direk
Ek Boromma Chakkrin
Phra Sayamin
Phra Yotsa Ying Yong
Yen Sira Phro Phra Bori Ban
Phon Phra Khun Tha Raksa
Puang Pracha Pen Sukkha San
Kho Bandan
Tha Prasong Dai Chong Sarit Dang
Wang Wara Haruethai
Dut Cha Thawai Chai Chayo

[kʰâ: wɔ:.ráʔ pʰút.tʰáʔ t͡ɕâːw]
[ʔaw má.noː lɛ́ʔ sì.ráʔ kraːn]
[nóp pʰráʔ pʰuː.míʔ baːn bun.jáʔ dì.rèːk]
[ʔèːk bɔ:.rom.máʔ t͡ɕàk.krin]
[pʰráʔ sà.jǎ:.min]
[pʰráʔ jót.sàʔ jîŋ joŋ]
[jen sì.ráʔ pʰrɔ́ʔ pʰráʔ bɔ:.ríʔ baːn]
[pʰǒn pʰráʔ kʰun tʰáʔ rák.sǎː]
[pu:aŋ prà.t͡ɕaː pen sùk.kʰà sǎːn]
[kʰɔ̌: ban.daːn]
[tʰáʔ prà.sǒŋ daj t͡ɕoŋ sà.rìt daŋ]
[wǎŋ wá.ráʔ hà.rɯ́.tʰaj]
[dùt.t͡ɕàʔ tʰà.wǎːj t͡ɕʰaj t͡ɕʰá.jo:]

We, servants of His great Majesty,
prostrate our heart and head,
to pay respect to the ruler, whose merits are boundless,
our glorious sovereign,
the greatest of Siam,
with great and lasting honor,
(We are) secure and peaceful because of your royal rule,
the result of royal protection
(are) people in happiness and in peace,
May it be that
whatever you will, be done
according to the hopes of your great heart
as we wish (you) victory, hurrah!

Lyrics used by the Royal Thai Army[]

Thai Romanisation Phonetic transcription English translation

ข้าวรพุทธเจ้า เหล่าพิริย์พลพลา
สมสมัยกา- ละปิติกมล
รวมนรจำเรียงพรรค์
สรรพ์ดุริยพล สฤษดิมลฑล
ทำสดุดีแด่นฤบาล ผลพระคุณรักษา
พลนิกายะสุขศานต์ ขอบันดาล
ธ ประสงค์ใด จงสิทธิ์ดัง
หวังวรหฤทัย ดุจถวายชัย ฉะนี้

Kha Wora Phuttha Chao
Lhao Pi Ri Ya Pol Pha-la
Som Sa Mai Ka- La Pi Ti Kamol
Ruam Nor Ra Jam Rueang Phak
Sap Pa Du Ri Ya Phon
Sa Rit Di Mon Thon
Tham Sa Du Dee Dae Na Rue Ban
Phon Phra Khun Na Raksa
Puha La Ni Ka Ya Sukkha San
Kho Bandan
Tha Prasong Dai Chong Sit Dang
Wang Wara Haruethai
Dut Cha Thawai Chai Cha Nee

Ancient drama lyrics[]

Thai Romanisation Phonetic transcription English translation

อ้าพระนฤปจง ทรงสิริวัฑฒนา
จงพระพุทธศา-สนฐีติยง
ราชรัฐจงจีรัง
ทั้งบรมวงศ์ ฑีรฆดำรง
ทรงกรุณาประชาบาล ราชธรรมรักษา
เป็นหิตานุหิตสาร ขอบันดาล
ธ ประสงค์ใด จงสิทธิ์ดัง
หวังวรหฤทัย ดุจถวายไชย ฉนี้

Ar Phra Na Rue Pra Song
Song siri Wat ta Na
Jong Pra Put ta Sa
Son Thi Ti Yong
Rat Cha Rat Jong Jee Rang
Thee Rha Kha Dam Romg
Song Ka Ru Na Pra Cha Ban
Rat Cha Dhama Tha Raksa
Pen Hi Ta Nu Hit San Kho Bandan
Tha Prasong Dai Chong Sit Dang
Wang Wara Haruethai
Dut Cha Thawai Chai Cha-nee

Male and female school lyrics[]

Thai Romanisation Phonetic transcription English translation

ข้าวรพุทธเจ้า เหล่ายุพยุพดี
ยอกรชุลี วรบทบงสุ์
ซร้องศัพท์ถวายชัย
ในนฤปทรง พระยศยิ่งยง
เย็นศิระเพราะพระบริบาล
ผลพระคุณะรักษา
ชนนิกายะศุขสานต์ ขอบันดาล
ธ ประสงค์ใด จงสิทธิ์ดัง
หวังวรหฤทัย ดุจถวายชัย ฉะนี้

Kha Wora Phuttha Chao
Lhao Yup Pa Yup Pa Dee
Yor Korn An Chu Lee
Vor Ra Bod Tha Bong
Srong Sub Tha Vaii Chai
Nai Na Rue Paa Song
Phra Yotsa Ying Yong
Yen Sira Phro Phra Bori Ban
Phon Phra Khun Na Raksa
Cha Ni Ka Ya Sukkha San
Kho Bandan
Tha Prasong Dai Chong Sit Dang
Wang Wara Haruethai
Dut Cha Thawai Chai Cha-nee

Male school lyrics[]

Thai Romanisation Phonetic transcription English translation

ข้าวรพุทธเจ้า เหล่าดรุณกุมารา
โอนศิรวันทา วรบทบงสุ์
ซร้องศัพท์ถวายชัย
ในนฤปทรง พระยศยิ่งยง
เย็นศิระเพราะพระบริบาล ผลพระคุณะรักษา
ชนนิกายะศุขสานต์ ขอบันดาล
ธ ประสงค์ใด จงสิทธิ์ดัง
หวังวรหฤทัย ดุจถวายชัย ฉะนี้''''

Kha Wora Phuttha Chao
Lhao Da Ruun Na Ku Ma Ra
Oon Si Ra Wan Ta
Vor Ra Bod Tha Bong
Srong Sub Tha Vaii Chai
Nai Na Rue Paa Song
Phra Yotsa Ying Yong
Yen Sira Phro Phra Bori Ban
Phon Phra Khun Na Raksa
Cha Ni Ka Ya Sukkha San
Kho Bandan
Tha Prasong Dai Chong Sit Dang
Wang Wara Haruethai
Dut Cha Thawai Chai Cha-nee

Female school lyrics[]

Thai Romanisation Phonetic transcription English translation

ข้าวรพุทธเจ้า เหล่าดรุณกุมารี
โอนศิรชุลี วรบทบงสุ์
ซร้องศัพท์ถวายชัย
ในนฤปทรง พระยศยิ่งยง
เย็นศิระเพราะพระบริบาล ผลพระคุณะรักษา
ชนนิกายะศุขสานต์ ขอบันดาล
ธ ประสงค์ใด จงสิทธิ์ดัง
หวังวรหฤทัย ดุจถวายชัย ฉะนี้

Kha Wora Phuttha Chao
Lhao Da Ruun Na Ku Ma Ree
Oon Si Ra Aan Chu Lee
Vor Ra Bod Tha Bong
Nai Na Rue Paa Song
Phra Yotsa Ying Yong
Yen Sira Phro Phra Bori Ban
Phon Phra Khun Tha Raksa
Cha Ni Ka Ya Sukkha San
Kho Bandan
Tha Prasong Dai Chong Sit Dang
Wang Wara Haruethai
Dut Cha Thawai Chai Cha-nee

Lyrics adopted by the Royal Thai Navy[]

Thai Romanisation Phonetic transcription English translation

ข้าวรพุทธเจ้า เหล่ายุทธพลนาวา
ขอถวายวันทา วรบทบงสุ์
ยกพลถวายชัย
ให้สยามจง อิสระยิ่งยง
เย็นศิระเพราะพระบริบาล
ใจทหารทั้งบ่าวนาย
ยอมขอตายถวายท่าน ขอบันดาล
ธ ประสงค์ใด จงสฤษดิ์ดัง
หวังวรหฤทัย ดุจถวายชัย ฉะนี้

Kha Wora Phuttha Chao
Lhao Yut Ta Phon Na Va
Khor Tha Wai Wan Ta
Vor Ra Bod Tha Bong
Yok Phon Tha Wai Chai
Hai Siam Jong
It Sa Ra Ying Yong
Yen Sira Phro Phra Bori Ban
Jai Tha Harn Thang Bao Nai
Yom Kho Taii Tha Wai Than
Kho Bandan
Tha Prasong Dai Chong Sit Dang
Wang Wara Haruethai
Dut Cha Thawai Chai Cha-nee

Abridged Lyrics during World War II[]

Thai Romanisation Phonetic transcription English translation

ข้าวรพุทธเจ้า เอามโนและศิระกราน
นบพระภูมิบาล บรมกษัตริย์ไทย
ขอบันดาล
ธ ประสงค์ใด จงสฤษดิ์ดัง
หวังวรหฤทัย ดุจถวายชัย ชโย

Kha Wora Phuttha Chao
Ao Mano Lae Sira Kran
Nop Phra Phumi Ban
Borom Kasat Thai
Kho Bandan
Tha Prasong Dai
Chong Sit Dang
Wang Wora Haruetha
Dut Cha Thawai Chai Chayo

[kʰâ: wɔ:.ráʔ pʰút.tʰáʔ t͡ɕâːw]
[ʔaw má.noː lɛ́ʔ sì.ráʔ kraːn]
[nóp pʰráʔ pʰuː.míʔ baːn ba rom.káʔ sat.thai]
[kʰɔ̌: ban.daːn]
[tʰáʔ prà.sǒŋ daj t͡ɕoŋ sà.rìt daŋ]
[wǎŋ wá.ráʔ hà.rɯ́.tʰaj]
[dùt.t͡ɕàʔ tʰà.wǎːj t͡ɕʰaj t͡ɕʰá.jo:]

We, servants of His great Majesty,
prostrate our heart and head,
to pay respect to the ruler,
the Great King of Thailand,
May it be that
whatever you will, be done
according to the hopes of your great heart
as we wish (you) victory, hurrah!

References[]

  1. ^ Charoensook, Sugree (2016-11-07). "128 ปี เพลงสรรเสริญพระบารมี : สรรเสริญพระบารมีพระมหากษัตริย์ทุกพระองค์ โดยสุกรี เจริญสุข". Matichon Online. Retrieved 2019-10-12.
  2. ^ Charoensook, Sugree (2017-07-16). "อาศรม มิวสิก เส้นทางเพลงสรรเสริญพระบารมี โดย:สุกรี เจริญสุข". Matichon Online. Retrieved 2019-10-12.
  3. ^ Nicholas Grossman; Dominic Faulder, eds. (2011). King Bhumibol Adulyadej – A Life's Work: Thailand's Monarchy in Perspective. Singapore: Editions Didier Millet. p. 359. ISBN 978-981-4260-56-5.
  4. ^ "ระเบียบส่วนราชการในพระองค์ ว่าด้วยการบรรเลงดุริยางค์ในการพระราชพิธีหรือพิธีการ พ.ศ. ๒๕๖๒" (PDF). Royal Thai Government Gazette (in Thai). 136 (117d): 13. 10 May 2019. Retrieved 12 October 2018.

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